Zanthoxylum.] XVII. EUTACE^. 47 



fil^orm funicle, and black crustaceous testa, often covered by a thin fleshy 

 ' epidermis ; albumen fleshy, enclosing a straight or curved embryo, with 

 round, flat, foliaceous cotyledons. 



1. Z. alatum,_Eo_xb. Fl. Ind. iii. 768. — Syn. Z. hostile, Wall. Vern. 

 Tlmbur, tlmur, simur, timru, darmar, tirmal, tezmal, tezbal, tlswal. 



Aculeate, with strong, smooth, nearly straight prickles on branches, 

 petioles, and midrib of leaflets, the prickles on branches often surrounded 

 at the base by a ring of cork ; 2 prickles at the base of petiole in the place 

 of stipules. Leaves alternate, imparipinnate ; common petiole winged ; 

 leaflets opposite, mostly 2-4 pair, sessile, lanceolate, more or less indis- 

 tinctly serrate, pellucid-punctate. Flowers small, yellow, on lateral pan- 

 icles; peduncles and pedicels pubescent; bracts small. Calyx with 6-8 

 acute segments. Petals none. Filaments 6, 7, or 8, much longer than 

 calyx. Fruit-carpels 1, 2, or 3, reniform or ovoid, on short stalks, reddish, 

 of the size of a small pea when fresh. 



Outer Himalaya, from the Indus to Bhutan, ascending to 6000 ft., Kasia 

 hills. In the N.W. Himalaya chiefly in hot valleys. Fl. April-July ; fruit 

 ripens Aug.-October. 



Usually a shrub, at times a small tree 20 ft. high, with a short, straight trunk 

 2 ft. girth, short, stiff, bushy branches, forming a smaU roundish thin head of 

 dark-green foliage. Every part of the plant possesses a peculiar aromatic pun- 

 gency. Bark of larger branches thin, dark brown, even, scabrous, with small white 

 .specks, that of the trunk cinereous and smooth. Wood whitish, close, even- 

 grained, hard, heavy, strong, used for walking-sticks and clubs. Tooth-brushes 

 are made of the branches. The aromatic pungent fruit is used as a remedy for 

 toothache, and as a condiment ; bruised, it is put into unwholesome water to 

 make it good. The bark is used for intoxicating fish. 



Z. oxyphyllum, Edgew. Trans. Linn. Soc. xx. 42, a straggling shrub, often 

 climbing over tall forest - trees, has larger leaves ; leaflets 6-8 pair, serrate ; 

 common petiole not winged ; flowers in compact terminal panicles, shorter than 

 leaf. Carpels red, ^ in. diam., often 4 ripening. Garhwal. Kamaon. Nepal. 

 Sikkim. Kasia. Shady forests, 6000-8000 ft. _ 



Zanthoxylum Clava Herculis, Linn., the prickly yellow wood of Jamaica, is 

 a large West Indian timber-tree with beautiful close-grained wood, used for 

 furniture and inlaid-work. 



2. LIMONIA, Linn. 

 , Leaves alternate, imparipinnate or 3-foliolate; leaflets opposite. Flowers 

 bisexual. Calyx 4- or 5-cleft. Petals 4 or 5, oblong, imbricate. Stamens 

 8 or 10, free; filaments subulate ; anthers versatile. Ovary 4-5-ceIled, on 

 an annular or elongated disc ; style deciduous ; ovules 1 or 2 in each cell. 

 Fruit baccate, 1-4-ceUed; seeds 1-4, surrounded with mucilage; embryo 

 straight; radicle short, conical; cotyledons fleshy, plano-convex; albumen 

 none. 



1. L. acidissima, Linn. ; W. & A. Prodr. 92. — Syn. L. crenulata, 

 Eoxb. Cor. PI. t. 81, Fl. Ind. ii. 381. Vern. Beli, North-West Prov. 



Glabrous, armed with straight thorns \ inch to 1 inch long, mostly 

 axUlary. Leaves alternate, imparipinnate ; common petiole broadly winged, 

 foliaceous; leaflets commonly 5 to 9, sessile, ovate-lanceolate, like the 

 wings of the petiole crenate and pellucid-punctate. Flowers white. 



