Casearia.] XXXIX. SAIHYDACE^. 243 



1. 0. tomentosa, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 421.— Tab. XXXI — Syn. 0. 

 elUptica, Willd. ; Wight Ic. t. 1849. Vern. Ghilla, ehildra, hairi, bhdri. 

 Local names, Tondri mara, Gonds, C.P. 



A small tree ; leaves and liranchlets tomentose. Leaves oUong, or 

 ovate-oblong from an oblique base, serrate, 3-7 in. long, on short petioles; 

 8-10 main lateral nerves on either side of midrib, joined by. prominent 

 parallel transverse veins ; stipules small. Flowers tomentose, greenish 

 yellow, on pedicels somewhat longer than calyx, numerous, in compact 

 axillary fascicles. Calyx 4-5-cleft. Stamens 8 ; staminodes hairy. Fruit 

 ovoid, f in. long, somewhat fleshy, 5-6-ribbed, 3-valved, on short pedicels, 

 solitary, or few together in lateral fascicles. Seeds embedded in a scarlet 

 soft mass, consisting of the agglomerate arils. 



Common in Central India, Behar, the Oudh forests, and the sub-Himalayan 

 tract as far as the Indus. Also in Eastern Bengal, South India and Ceylon. 

 The leaves shed Jan.-March ; new leaves appear March, April. Fl. Jan.-May, 

 generally about April. 



Generally not exceeding 30 ft., with a short trunk, attaining a girth ©f 4 ft.; 

 on good soU (frequently in the Baraitch division of the Oudh forests), attaining 

 40 ft., and 7-9 ft. girth, E.T. Bark nearly 1 in. thick, cinereous, with white 

 specks, or blackish brown by age, smooth, with longitudinal wrinkles, with 

 rough furrows in old stems. Wood dirty white, or yellowish, even-grained, 

 compact, hard, strong and elastic, 48 lb. per cub ft., R.T. Apt to split in sea- 

 soning, does not warp, and works smoothly. Heartwood not distinct, employed 

 for ordinary purposes, not much valued, combs are made of it. All parts of the 

 tree are very bitter ; in Kamaon the pounded bark is used for adulterating the 

 Kamela powder of Rottlera tinctoria. The pounded fruit yields a mUky, acrid 

 juice, used for poisoning iish. 



2. C. graveolens, DalzeU; Kew Journ. of Bot. iv. 107 (1852) ; Bombay 

 Fl. 11. — Vern. Ghilla, ndro, alodl, kathera, pimpri, North-West India; 

 GPirchi, tundri, C.P. 



A shrub or small tree, glabrous ; leaves elliptic, dentate, 4-8 in. long, 

 on short petioles ; 8-10 main lateral nerves on either side of midrib ; 

 stipules J in. long, falcate or lanceolate, deciduous. Flowers green, 

 numerous, with a disagreeable odour, clustered in the axils of the leaves, 

 glabrous ; pedicels very short. Calyx-lobes 5. Stamens 8, alternating 

 with acute penicUlate scales (staminodes). Fruit oblong, shining, 3-valved ; 

 seeds 12. 



Abundant in the Oudh forests (associated with Sal), also in the Central Pro- 

 vinces, the Konkan, and Canara. In the sub-Himalayan tract as far west as the 

 Chenab, locally and sparingly only, ascending to 5000 ft. The leaves are shed 

 in March and April, and renewed in May. Not higher than 20 ft., girth 12-15 

 in. Bark dark cinereous, with white specks, even, with a few longitudinal 

 wrinkles. Wood light-yellow, fine-grained ; the fruit is used to poison fish. 



Homdlium, Jacquin, is another genus of this Order, distinguished by a half 

 inferior ovary, styles 3-5, calyx-lobes and petals 6-7, flowers in slender axillary 

 racemes or terminal panicles. 



1. H. tomentomm, Benth.; Linn. Journ. iv. 34.— Syn. Blachwellia tomentosa, 

 Vent. Myaukshaw, Burm. A large tree with smooth white bark (too smooth 



