KEY TO FAMILIES 125 
Il. THE LAND BIRDS 
Order X. Gallinz.—Turxeys, Grousz, Bos-wHITss, etc. 
Terrestrial, scratching birds of henlike form; 
bill stout and short, its culmen rounded (Fig. 
44); wings short and rounded, the primaries 
stiffened and producing a whirring sound in 
flight; tail variable, feet strong, hind-toe short, 
elevated. 
A. Smaller than a Turkey. 
a. Tarsus unfeathered. . . . Family Odon- 
tophoride: BoBp-wuiTrs and New Fie. 44. 
Wor_p Qualits, p. 269. 
b. Tarsusmoreorless feathered .. . Family Tetraonide: GROUSE. 
PTrARMIGANS, etc., rp. 272. 
B. Size of a Turkey. ... Family Meleagride: TurKeys, p. 278. 
~ 
J : 
‘gestae =a 
Order XI. Columbz.—Picrons and Dovss. 
Toes four, all onthe same level; the hind-toe about 
aslong as the shortest front one; bill (Fig. 45)( 
slender, deeply grooved, the nostrils opening in a 
soft, fleshy membrane. 
Characters those of the Order.... Family + 
‘ Columbide: Piarons and Dovss, p. 281 Fig. 45 
Fia. 46. 
Order XII. Raptores.—Vu.ttures, Hawks, and Ow1s. 
Aiur eat fares birds with hooked bill; feet strong with long curved 
nails. (Fig. 4 
A. Eyes a in a feathered disk (Figs. 47, 48), tarsus generally 
feathered; plumage soft and fluffy. 
u. Middle-toe with a comblike edge. . . Family Aluconide: 
BaRn Ow.s, p. 308. 
