200 BAY AND SEA DUCKS 
f®. Central tail-feathers longest, Bey pointed, under 
tail-coverts white ......... 154. Outp Squaw. 
f®. Central tail-feathers not sharply pointed; under tail- 
coverts grayish brown... 155. Haruzquin Ducx. 
2. Wing under 7°00. 
a. Tail-feathers stiff and narrow; upper tail-coverts very short. 
a. Upperparts mostly rich chestnut-rufous. 
a’, Cheeks white ...........0--- 167. Ruppy Duck 
a®, Cheeks black... ......0-224. 168. Masxep Duck ¢. 
b'. Upperparts grayish or brownish, with sometimes rufous 
markings. 
b Tinie. of wing blackish; underparts grayish. 
ae 168. Masxep Duck 9¢. 
b8. Lining of wing whitish; underparts grayish. 
167. Ruppy Duck 9? 
b. Tail-feathers normal; upper tail-coverts about half as long as tail. 
153. BUFFLEHEAD. 
IT weathers at sides or top of bill extending forward generally as far as 
nostril. 
A. Feathers on sides of bill not reaching nostril. 
a. Nostril narrow, elongate; feathers on culmen extending forward 
in a narrow line, a V-shaped mark on throat : 162. Kine Erper. 
b. Nostril large, rounded; feathers on culmen not extending forward 
in a narrow line.......... 165. WHITE-WINGED ScCOTER. 
B. Feathers on sides of bill extending as far as nostril. 
a. Bare base of bill on top narrow, ending posteriorly in a sharp 
point. 
: 159. GREENLAND EIDER. 
b. Bare base of bill on top broad, the posterior end rounded. 
160. Am. ExpEr. 
146. Marila americana (Fyf.). Repaeap. Ad. ¢.—Head and throat 
bright rufous; lower neck, breast, back of neck and upper back black; rest of 
back and scapulars finely barred with wavy black and white lines of equal 
width; wing-coverts brownish gray; upper tail-coverts black; belly white, 
lower belly more or less finely barred with black; under tail-coverts black; 
sides like back. Ad. ¢.—Upperparts dark grayish brown, darker on rump, 
the feathers more or less margined with buffy or ashy; sides of head lighter; 
upper throat white; neck buffy ochraceous; breast and sides grayish brown, 
more or less washed or margined with buffy or buffy ochraceous; belly white; 
lower belly and under tail-coverts tinged with ochraceous; an indistinct 
bluish gray band across end of bill. L., 19°00; W., 8°90; Tar., 1°55; B., 1°85. 
Remarks.—This species is frequently confused with the Canvasback, 
from which it may be distinguished by the characters given under that 
species. 
The female Redhead suggests the female Ring-neck in coloration, but the 
latter is browner, and they can be also distinguished with certainty by the 
difference in their size. 
Range.—N. A. Breeds from s. B. C., cen. Alberta, cen. Sask. and sw. 
Keewatin s. to s. Calif., Utah, s. S. D., s. Minn., and s. Wisc.; winters 
from s. B. C., Utah, N. M., Kans., Ills., Md., Del., and Mass., 3. tos. L 
Calif., cen. Mex., and Fla.; accidental in Jamaica: in migration casual in 
Alaska and regularly on the ‘Atlantic coast n. tos. Lab. 
Washington, common W. V. Long Island T. V., locally common, 
Sept. 30-Jan. 9; Feb. 15-Mch. 22. Ossining, common T. V., Apl. 1-Apl. 24; 
Oct. 12—Oct. 28. Cambridge, rather rare T. V., in fall. N.O io, tolerably 
common T. V., Mch. 1—Apl. 25. SE. Minn., uncommon T. V., Apl. 14. 
Nest, of reeds, with more or less white down, in reeds, usually over 
water. Hggs, 6-18; light olive-buff to light cream-buff, 2°40 x 1°70. Date, 
Dodge Co., Wisc., May 22, 1888; Heron Lake, Minn., May 19, 1887. 
