324 WOODPECKERS 
Range.—Transition and Upper Austral zones of ne. U. S., from,Nebr., 
e. Colo., and Okla., e. to middle and n. parts of E. States. 
Washington, rare P. R. Cee. rare P. R. Cambridge, uncommon 
W. V., one summer record. N. Ohio, common P. R. Glen Ellyn, fairly 
common P. 
Nest, generally i in a dead tree. Eggs, 4-6, white, ‘95 x °75. Date, Naz- 
areth, Pa, Apl. 25; Cambridge, Apl. 22; Wheatland, Ind., Apl. 30. 
This species resembles the Downy Woodpecker in habits, but is less 
frequently observed out of the woods. Its notes are noticeably louder 
than the Downy’s, and when one is familiar with both there is no diffi- 
culty in distinguishing the two by their voices. 
In speaking of the difference which exists between the rolling tattoo 
of some Woodpeckers, Mr. Brewster says: ‘“Thus, D. pubescens has a 
long, unbroken roll; D. villosus a shorter and louder one with a greater 
interval between each stroke; while S. varius, commencing with a short 
roll, ends very emphatically with five or six distinct disconnected taps. 
In this latter species I am convinced it is literally a call of recognition, 
as I have repeatedly seen the bird, after producing it, listen a moment 
when it would be answered from a distance, and its mate would shortly 
appear and join it” (Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist., XI, 1875, p. 144). 
393a. D. v. leucomelas (Bodd.). NoRTHERN Harry WooDPECKER. 
Similar to D. ». villosus but larger and whiter. L., 10°00; W., 5°20. 
Range.—Canadian zone from middle Yukon, cen. Mackenzie, cen. 
Keewatin, and n. Que., s. to about the n. boundary of the U. 8S. 
393b. D. v. auduboni (Swains.). SourHern Harry WoopPECKER. 
Similar to D. v. villosus, but smaller, and with somewhat less white in the 
plumage. L., 8°10; W., 4°50; T., 2°80; B., 1°15. 
a Range.—Austroriparian fauna from se. Mo., s. Ills., and .s. Va. to se. 
‘ex. 
This is simply a small southern race of the preceding species. It 
resembles the northern forms in habits, but is much more common, 
being nearly as numerous as the Downy Woodpecker. 
Nesting date, San Mateo, Fla., Apl. 24; Weaverville, N. C., May 3. 
393g. D. v. terrenove Batch. NEWFOUNDLAND WOODPECKER. Sim- 
ilar to D. v. villosus, ‘‘but slightly larger, the black areas of the upperparts 
increased, the white areas reduced both in number and size, especially in 
the remiges and wing-coverts. W., 4°90°’ (Batchelder). 
Range.—Newfoundland. A 
394. Dryobates pubescens pubescens (Linn.). Souraern Downy 
Wooppecker. Similar to D. p. medianus a smaller, eh a below and 
with the white markings more restricted. L., 6°00; 
Range.-—Austroriparian fauna from N. e toe. Lee? 
Nesting date, St. Simons, Ga., Apl. 12. 
394c. D. p. medianus (Swains.). Downy Woopprrecker. (Fig. 16c.). 
Ad. #.—Upperparts black, a scarlet band on the nape; middle of the back 
white; wing-feathers and their coverts spotted with white; middle tail- 
feathers black, the outer ones white, barred with black; a white stripe above 
and another below the eye; underparts white. Ad. ¢.—Similar, but with- 
out scarlet on the nape. L., 6°83; W., 3°70; T., 2°53; B., °68. 
