378 FINCHES, SPARROWS, ETC. 
ern boundary of its breeding range to the Gulf coast from Tex. to Fla.; 
casual in Colo. 
Washington, common W. V., Sept. 12-May 26, largely a migrant. 
Ossining, rare P. R., common T. V. Cambridge, P. R., common from Apl. 
to Oct.; irregular, but sometimes abundant, in winter. N. Ohio, common 
W: V., Sept. 1-May 20. Glen Ellyn, fairly common T. V., Mch. 8-May 15; 
Aug. 25-Nov. 2. SE. Minn., common T. V., Mch.—Apl., Sept.—-Oct., uncom- 
mon W. V. 
Nest, of twigs, grasses, and rootlets, thickly lined with long hairs, in 
coniferous trees, 5-30 feet up. Eggs, 4-6, blue, spotted about the larger 
end with fuscous, ‘79 x ‘56. Date, Cambridge, May 25; Holland Patent, 
N. Y., May 15. 
During the nesting season the Purple Finch frequently takes up 
its abode in private grounds, even becoming a familiar garden bird, 
while others of its race find a congenial home in wild mountain forests, 
far away from the society of man. The rosy plumage of the males 
makes it attractively noticeable as a garden bird; but a serious offense 
must be charged against it—it has far too ready a taste for the blos- 
soms of fruit trees, and is, perhaps, the most confirmed bud-eater of 
all our birds. It has naturally a roving disposition, and, in the autumn 
especially, seems ever to be impelled by some restless impulse. At this 
season it may often be seen descending with airy, sweeping flight into 
some leafless treetop, as if from a far aérial journey, its identity made 
known by its very characteristic utterance, a short, rather dull-sound- 
ing note, scarcely metallic—the metal pressed the instant the bell is 
struck. 
Although the Purple Finch often essays to sing in the autumn and 
earliest spring, its full powers of voice belong alone to the nuptial 
season. Then it easily takes its place among our noteworthy song 
birds. Its full song is a sweet-toned, carelessly flowing warble—not 
too brief to miss definite character as a song, and positive enough in 
modulation and delivery to find ready place in the memory. At times, 
indeed, its singing is of a character not to be easily forgotten. The 
song bursts forth as if from some uncontrollable stress of gladness, 
and is repeated uninterruptedly over and over again, while the ecstatic 
bird rises high into the air, and, still singing, descends into the trees. 
, Evaene P. BIcKNELL. 
Passer domesticus domesticus (Linn.). Houss or ENGLISH SPARROW. 
Ad. 2.—Crown gray, bordered from the eye backward and on the nape by 
chestnut; lesser wing-coverts chestnut, middle coverts tipped with white; 
back streaked with black and chestnut; rump ashy; middle of the throat and 
breast black; sides of the throat white; belly whitish. Ad. 9.—Head and 
rump grayish brown; back streaked with black and deep ochraceous-buff; 
underparts dirty whitish, the breast and sides washed with pale grayish 
brown. L., 6°33; W., 3°01; T., 2°30; B., °48. 
Range.—'‘Nearly the whole of Europe, but replaced in Italy by P. italia, 
extending eastward to Persia and Central Asia, India, and Ceylon” (Sharpe). 
Introduced and naturalized in America, Australia, New Zealand, etc. 
Nest, of any available material in any available place. Eggs, 4-7, varying 
from plain white to almost uniform olive-brown, generally white, finely 
and evenly marked with olive, 1°86 x ‘62. Date, D. C., Mch. 1. 
