THE CHERRIES OF NEW YORK 219 



cavity; skin clear yellow blushed with red; flesh yellowish-white, tender, juicy, sweet, 



pleasant ; ripens in July in Canada. 



Bigarreau Monstreuse de Bavay. P. avium, i. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 235. 1854. 



Spoken of, in 1854, as promising but evidently it has been discarded as no reference 

 has been made to it since that date. It may be Reine Hortense. 

 Bigarreau Moreau. P. avium, i. i?«;. Hori. 552, 553,- PL 1913. 



This cherry recently originated as a chance seedling near Lyons, France, several 

 persons claiming the honor of its discovery. Its value was discussed at the meetings of 

 the Soci6t6 Pomologique de France in 1909 and 191 1 when it was adjudged by leading 

 French pomologists to be one of the earliest of all varieties, earlier than Lyons, and showing 

 high commercial possibilities. Tree handsome in type of growth, with open, somewhat 

 erect branches; leaves large, deeply serrate; fruit very large; color beautiful clear red 

 becoming darker at maturity; flesh white, breaking, very firm, with uncolored juice, 

 sweet, very refreshing; stone medium to small; season in France very early. 

 Bigarreau Napoleon Noir. P. avium, i. Tharaas Guide Prat. 22. 1876. 



Bigarreau Noir Napoleon III. 2. Leroy Diet. Pom. 5:227 fig., 228. 1877. 



NapoUon Noir. 3. Hogg Fruit Man. ^o'; . 1884. 



Herzkirsche NapoUon III. 4. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 362. 1889. 



The origin of this cherry is uncertain. Leroy first noted it in the Simon-Louis catalog 

 in 1867. To avoid confusion with the well-known Napoleon, he added the number III. 

 Fruit usually attached in pairs, large, varjdng from elongated-oval to cylindrical; stem 

 long, set in a large cavity; color dull red changing to deep maroon; fl'esh rose-colored, 

 moderately firm, very juicy, sweet; ripens the last of June. 



Bigarreau Noir d'Ecully. P. avium, i. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 338. 1889. 2. Cat. Cong. 

 Pom. France 522. 1906. 



Ecullyer Knorpelkirsche. 3. Proskauer Obstsort. 55. 1907. 



Tree vigorous, productive; fruit mediitm in size, black at matttrity; flesh firm, crisp, 

 dark, vinous, sugary, juicy, good; late. 

 Bigarreau Noir a Gros Fruits. P. avium, i. Le Bon Jard. 345. 1882. 



Fruit large, flattened; flesh fimi, sweet; first quality; ripens early in June. 

 Bigarreau Noir de Heintzen. P avium, i. Thomas Guide Prat. 22, 190. 1876. 



Heintzen's (Heintze's) Schwarze Knorpelkirsche. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 362. 1889. 



This is said to be a very good and productive cherry ripening in the fifth week of 

 the cherry season. 

 Bigarreau Noir de Tabor. P. avium, i. Thomas Guide Prat. 19, 190. 1876. 



Tabors schwarze Knorpelkirsche. 2. III. Handb. 79 fig., 80. i860. 



Tree vigorous, upright; fruit of medium size, cordate, often obtuse; sides compressed; 

 suture but a line; stem medium long; cavity variable; skin glossy, dark reddish-brown; 

 flesh firm, dark red, sweet, rich; stone small, roundish; ripens the last of June. 

 Bigarreau d'Octobre. P- avium, i. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 243. 1858. 



Oktober- Knorpelkirsche. 2. DochnaM Fiihr. Obstkunde 3:58. 1858. 



This variety was refused a place on the American Pomological Society's fruit fist 

 in 1858. Fruit small, oval to rovmdish-cordate, flattened at the cavity; stem short; skin 

 black, glossy; stone large, oval; good. 



