4. AMEEICAK GRAPE GROWING 



All our numerous varieties now on the list are 

 classed according to the species of Vitis, the genei'ic 

 name of the grape, from which they are known to be 

 derived, and the name of the species is given to the class. 

 So when, for the sake of brevity, we speak of a variety 

 as an JEstivalis, a Vinifera, or Riparia, we simply mean 

 that it originated from the class, and bears the charac- 

 teristics of the species of that name. All the varieties 

 of the European grape are regarded as having had their 

 origin in Vitis vinifera of the old world, which, though 

 it has been cultivated from ancient times, is fourjd no- 

 where in a wild state. The varieties of this, while gen- 

 erally unsuccessful east of the Eocky mountains, succeed 

 admirably on the Pacific coast and now seem to be suc- 

 cessful in Texas and Arizona. Their greatest enemies 

 seem to be the fungous diseases, bo which they are ex- 

 ceedingly subject. But the many preventives and rem- 

 edies discovered in the past ten years may give them a 

 wider distribution. These varieties differ from our 

 native species in their leaves, which are more smooth'' 

 aiid delicate, aiid^iiiofe deeply lobed; the flesh of the 

 berries adheres to the skins, while the seeds have a nar- 

 rower and Ionger,beuk than any of the native Varieties. 



That most accomplished botanist and keen observer, 

 the late Doctor George Engclmann of St. Louis, deserves 

 the credit of first attempting a thorough, classification of 

 our native species. It was he who first called attention 

 to the shape and size of the seeds. He classified them 

 into 14 species in the following order : 1. Labrusca 

 or T^orthern Fox ; 3. Candicans or Mustangensis ; 3. 

 Caribsea or Caloosa ; -4. Califomica ; 5. Monticola or 

 Mountain gra^DC ; C. Arizonica ; 7. j3ilstiva]is or Sum- 

 mer grape; 8. Cinorea or Ashy Winter grape; 9. Cor- 

 difolia or Winter grape; 10. Palmata or Eubra ; 11. 

 Riparia or River ju'ape ; 12. Riipostris, Sugar or Bnsh 

 grape ; 13. Vinifera or Enro23ean grape ; 14. Rotundi- 



