38 ANTISEPTIC TREATMENT OF WOUNDS. 
reaching for an instrument they come in contact with the anti- 
septic fluid—L. A. M.] 
(f) CREOLIN. 
First investigated by ATTFIELD, it was recommended 
by FROEHNER as antiseptic in Germany in 1887 and 
later V. ESMARCH and EISENBERG experimentally as- 
certained that anthrax spores are killed in two days in a 3 per 
cent. watery solution, the sitppuration producing microbes in 
one minute in 3 per cent. solutions, and in ten seconds in 5 per 
cent. solutions. The antiseptic properties of creolin are there- 
fore certainly not to be doubted, but nevertheless I have not 
thus far adopted creolin for general use, as for country prac- 
tice it is not easily transported, for while we can comfortably 
and in large quantities carry the sublimate pastilles, it is diffi- 
cult to carry as much creolin as is necessary in operations. I 
think, as is the case with every new antiseptic, the enthusiasm 
will gradually slacken and the application of the remedy will be 
limited to certain cases, especially as BAUMGARTEN has 
recently proved the poisonous character of creolin. The sup- 
posed non-poisonous character of creolin was a_chief reason 
for its popularity. 
Creolin is applied as 
(a) Creolin water (0.5-2 per cent. watery solutions better than 
emulsions) to irrigate and rinse out all kinds of wounds. 
(b) Mixture of creolin (2 per cent.) with boric acid for use 
as powder on wounds. 
[Creolin is a disappointment so far as performing antiseptic 
operations is concerned. Its place in veterinary surgery is for 
the purpose of irrigating large wounds, internal cavities, sin- 
uses of the head or in any condition where there is danger of 
intoxication from more potent remedies. 
There are a number of cheaper substitutes sold on the 
American drug market, but their popularity depends more 
upon the amount of water they will color white than on the 
amount they will actually disinfect. In the absence of more 
reliable preparations, however, the veterinarian is justified in 
