ToRTULACEiE.] 190 [Phascum. 



(1850). De Not. Syllab. 304 (1838), Epil. bri. ital. 756 (i86g). Fiedl. Syn. Laubm. 

 meckl. 39 (1844). Raeenh. Deutsch. kr. fl. ii, S. 3, 82 (1848). C. Muell. Syn. i, 25 

 (1849). WiLS. Bry. brit. 3i,t. 5 (1855). Schimp. Synops. 16 (i860). BERK.Handb.br. 

 m. 2gg (1863). Milde Bry. siles. 93 (1869). Jaeg. Ber. St. Gall. ges. i86g, p. 79. 

 HoBK. Syn. br. m. 28 (1873). HusN. Mouss. nord-ouest 34 (1872). Juratz. Laubm. 

 oester.-ung. 15 (1882). Lesq. James Mosses N. Amer. 42 (1884). 



Bryum bulbiforme Neck. Meth. muse. 230 (1771). 



Phascum acaulon jB- majus Ehrh. Hann. mag. 1780, p. 235. 



Pottia cuspidata Mitt. Ann. n. h. \i,. ser. viii, 311 (1851). 



Paroicous ; caespitose and gregarious, deep green. Stem i — 4 lines 

 high, erect, simple or divided, occasionally flagelliferous. Leaves 

 crowded, lowest minute, lanceolate, upper comant, much larger, 

 oblongo-lanc. nerve more or less excurrent in a rufous point, margin 

 quite entire, subrevolute in the upper half; areolation lax, elongate 

 rhombic and hyaline at base, subquadrate and chlorophyllose at apex, 

 minutely papillose. Caps, usually several on the same plant, on a very 

 short straight pedicel, immersed, or on a curved pedicel emerging 

 laterally, globose, apiculate, rufo-castaneous ; cal. cucullate, pale, 

 reaching middle of caps. Spores fuscous, very finely granular. Male 

 in axils of comal leaves, with one bract and few antheridia. 

 Hab. — On clay in stubble fields and banks ; common. Fr. i — 3. 



Var. /?. pilifemm [Schreb.). 



Smaller ; leaves crowded, subconnivent, rufescent, the nerve excurrent 



in a long filiform point ; caps, large, immersed. 



SvN. — Phascum piliferum Schreb. de Phasco 8, t. i, fgg. 6 — lo. Dicks. Crypt, fasc. II, i. 

 TiMM. Fl. meg. n. 717. Hoffm. ii, 19. Swartz. M. suec. 17. Hull Br. fl. 252. Roth 

 Germ, iii, iio. Hedw. Sp. muse. 20. Sm. Fl. brit. 1151 ; Eng. Bot. t. 1888. Bridel, 

 Schultz, Web. Mohr, &c. Nees Hornsch. Bry. germ. 65, t. 6. 



Phas. cuspidatum /3. piliferum Hook. Tayl. Muse. br. 8. 



Hab. — Bare sandy ground, especially by the sea, in uniform patches. 



Yarmouth (Turner) ! Cobham, Kent (Braithwaite 1850) ! ! Penzance (Curnow) ! ! Crosby 

 [Marratt i860) ! Middleton, Sussex (Davics 1864) ! Blackhead, Belfast (Stewart 1884) ! ! 



Var. y. Schreberi (Dicks.) Brid. 



Stem tall, repeatedly divided above ; leaves longer, distant, the comal 

 patent ; capsule emerging. 

 Syn.— Phascum Schreberianum Dicks. Crypt, fasc. IV, 2. Sm. Fl. br. 1155 ; Eng. Bot. t. 2026. 



ROEHLING. 



Phas. cusp. p. Schreberianum Brid. Sp. muse. I, g; Mant. 8; Bry. univ. i, 42. Nees 

 Hornsch. Bry. germ, i, 72, t. 7, f. 18. 



Phase, affine Nees Hornsch. Bry. germ. 74, t. 7, fig. ig. 



Hab.— On rich damp soil. 



Brighton (Borrer} ! ! Darlington (Backhouse). 



Var. 0. curvisetum [Dicks.). 



Stem tallish, generally divided ; leaves erecto-patent, aristate ; caps, 

 emerging on a geniculate pedicel. 



Syn. — Phascum curvisetum Dicks. Crypt, fasc. IV, 2, t. 10, f. 4. Sm. Fl. br. 1154 ; Eng. Bot. t. 

 2259. Turn. Muse. hib. Brid. Sp. muse. 

 Phase, elatum Brid. in Schrad. Joum. 1800, II, 269 ; Bry. univ. i, 45. Web. Mohr Bot. 

 Tasch. 68. Schwgn. Suppl. I, P. I, 8, t. i. Nees Hsch. Bry. germ, i, 75, t. 7, f. 20. 



Phas. cusp. y. curvisetum Nees Hsch. Bry. germ, i, 72, t. 7, f. 18**. Brid. Bry. univ. i, 42. 



