ToRTULACE^.] 209 [Tortula. 



3. TORTULA BREVIKOSTRIS Hk. Gnv. 



Synoicous ; plants gregarious. Leaves lingulate, obtuse. Caps, 

 elliptic, lid | its length, obliquely conical. (T. XXX, E.) 



Syn. — Tortula rigida Swartz Disp. muse. suec. 40, excl. syn. (1799). Sm. F1. brit. 1250 in obs. 

 (1804). Turn. Muse. hib. 44 in obs. (1804). Brid. Sp. muse. I, 245, p.p. (i8o5). Hartm. 

 Skand. fl. 403 {1820). Wahlenb. F1. suec. ii, 763. excl. syn. (1826). 



Tort, brevirostris Hk. Grev. in Brewst. Edin. Journ. i, 289, t. 12 (1824). -Hk. Tayl. 

 Muse. br. 2 ed. 53, Suppl. t. 2 (1827). Hook, in Drum. Muse. amer. bor. n. 136 (1828). 

 AoNGST. in nov. act. soc. Upsal. xii, 374 (1844). Hartm. op. u. 5 ed. (1849). Holmes 

 in Grevillea ii, i6g, t. 23 (1874). JuRATZ. Laubm. oester.-ung. 125 (1882). 



Tort, enervis Hartm. op. c. 2—4 e4. (baud Hk. Grev.). 



Barbularigidn Heo-w. ^'p. TOMSC. 115, p.p. (1801). Liljebl. Svensk. fl. 3 ed. 536 (1816). 

 ScHULTZ in nova act. aead. cses. Leop. xi, 196, p.p. (1823). Brio. Bry. univ. i, 528, p.p. 

 (1826). Var. y. brevi rostris Brid. op. c. i, suppl. 824 (1827). 



Barbula brevirostris (baud Fuernr.) Br. Schimp. Bry. eur. fasc, 12 — 15, p. 16, t. 2 (T842). 

 C. MuELL. Synops. i, 597 (1849). Schimp. Synops. 163 (i860), 2 ed, 189. Lindb. de 

 Tort. 233 (1864). MiLDE Bry. siles. no (1869). Lesq. James Mosses N. Amer. 115 

 (1884). 



Synoicous ; very small, gemmiform, gregarious. Lower leaves 

 roundish, very obtuse, upper lingulate, obtuse erect, very concave, all 

 sheathing at base, margins hyaline, inflexed ; nerve rather thin, covered 

 above with a mass of short cellular threads. Seta reddish, half-inch 

 high, caps, erect, elliptico-cylindric, rufo-fuscous ; ann. broad, of 3 rows 

 of cells, separating spirally, lid one-third length of caps, conic, rostellate; 

 peristome rufous-purple, once contorted. 



Hab. — Walls in limestone districts ; v. rare. Fr. 8 — 10. 



Old wall at Parson's Green, Edinburgh (D. Stuart, 1824). Wall top in Ashwood Dale 

 Buxton {George-, 1873). 



The little group of aloid TorMx are very closely allied, and transverse 

 sections of their leaves will be found useful in their discrimination. There is 

 considerable difficulty in fixing on the species intended by some of the early 

 authors, and the name rigida has been applied to all four, but, thanks to 

 Lindberg's research, we are able to get rid of it altogether, and adopt prior 

 names. 



T. brevirostris may be immediately recognized by its short lid and 

 synoicous inflorescence, and to Mr. Holmes's acuteness we owe the verifi- 

 cation of the original specimens with the species intended by the founders. 



4. TORTULA STELLATA {Schreb.) Lindb. 



Dioicous; leaves oblong, obtuse or shortly pointed. Caps, elliptic- 

 oblong, straight ; cal. covering half caps., peristome rather long in 

 several spirals. (T. XXX, F.) 



Syn. — Bryum stellatum Schreb. Spic. fl. lips. 80 (1771). Hoffm. Deutsch. fl. ii, 45,'ex. cl. 

 syn. (1795)- 

 Barbula rigida Schultz Nov. act. ac. caes. leop. xi, I, 196, p.p. t. 32, f. i (1823). Hedw. 

 Stirp. cr. 1,65 p.p. t. 25, f. 16 (1787); Sp. muse. 115 p.p. (1801). Brid. Muse. ree. 

 II, P. I, 192 excl. syn. t. 3, f. 19 (1798), Mant. 88 (1819), Bry. univ. i, 528 (1826). Web. 

 MoHR Bot. Tasch. 212 (1807). Fuernr. Bruch in Flora xii, P. 2, 599 (1829). Hueben. 

 Muse. germ. 309 excl. syn. (1833). Bruch Schimp. Bry. eur. fasc. 13 — 15, p. 13, t. i 



