ToKTULACE^.J 210 [Tortula. 



(1842). Raeenh. Deutsch. kr. fl. ii, S. 3, 103 (1848). C. Muell Synops. i, 596 (1849). 

 ScHiMP. Syn. 163 (i860), 2 ed. 189. Milde Bry. siles. in (1869). Lesq. James 

 Mosses n. amer. 116 (1884). 



Tortula rigida Schrad. Spic. fl. germ. 66 (1794). Brid. Sp. muse. I, 245 excl. syn. 

 (1806). SwARTz Muse. suae. 40 (1799). Roth Fl. germ, iii, P. I, 211 (1800). Aongst. 

 in Nov. act. soc. Upsal. xii, 373 (1844). Spruce in Ann. mag. n. h. 2 ser. iii, 374 (1849). 

 WiLS. Bry. br. 120, t. 32 (1855). De Not. Muse. ital. I, 17, t. 3 (1862) ; Epil. bri. ital. 

 529 (1869). Berk. Handb. Br. m. 259 (1863). Juratz. Laubm. oester.-ung. 125 

 (1882). 



Tort.,enervis Hk. Grev. in Brewst. Ed. journ. i, 288 (1824). Hk. Tayl. Muse. br. 2 ed. 

 52 exel. syn. Suppl. t. 2 {1827). Hartm. Skand. fl. 5 — 8 edd. 



Tort, brevirostris Hk. Grev. op. e. 289 p.p. Hk. Tayl. op. 1.. 53 (nee diagn.). Grev. 

 Scott, cr. fl. vi, t. 331 (1829). 



Desmatodoii rigidus Mitt. Journ. Lin. soc. i, suppl. 38.(1859). 



Tortula stellata Lindb. de Tort. 233 (1864). Hoek. Syn. br. m. 63 (1873). 



Dioicous ; short, simple, gregarious or laxly casspitulose. Leaves 

 from an erect sheathing base, patulous, lower small ovate-oblong, 

 ferruginous, upper twice as long, deep green, oblong, muticous or 

 apiculate, margin inflexed ; nerve broad, covered on surface with 2 — 5 

 jointed threads. Cal. straw-coloured, long-beaked, reaching to middle 

 of caps. Seta reddish brown, caps, erect, ovato-elliptic or subcylindric, 

 reddish-brown ; lid long beaked, crenulate at base, ann. broad, revoluble ; 

 teeth of per. longer, purplish, twice convolute ; spores smooth. Male 

 plants very minute, bracts three, broad, ovate, obsoletely nerved. 



Hab. — Mud capped walls in calcareous districts. Fr. g — 3. 



Near York (S/n«e). Newtimber, Sussex (il/jHra) ! Near Ilkley (Bni<;y, 1859) ! Oxford 

 (Boswell, i860) ! ! Mottram, Cheshire (Whitehead, i860) ! Blackburn and Burnley 

 (Hunt, 1867) ! Camborne, Cornwall (Curnow). Craiglockhart and Crookston Edin- 

 burgh. Cork and Dublin (Moore). Pontefract and Knottingley (Dr. Wood). Gloucester 

 (Stark). Peak forest (W/n'^d/icai, 1871) ! Crambeck, Malton, Hovingham, and Scalby 

 (Spruce, 1843). Yate, Bristol (Thwaites). Bowness. 



This species is readily recognised by the elliptic capsule, and the 

 calyptra reaching halfway down. In dry seasons the upper leaves some- 

 times run out into a short hyahne point, which even extends into a long 

 hair — the var. piligera De Not. 



5. TOETULA ERICiEFOLIA {Neck.) Lindb. 



Dioicous ; short. Leaves patulous, ligulato-lanceolate, obtuse, 

 incurved at tip. Caps, erect, cylindric ; annulus simple, subpersistent, 

 cal. covering the lid only; per. short, once twisted. (T. XXX, G.) 



Syn. — Bryum acaulon, Ericai tenuifolim Ger. folio Dill. Hist muse. 388, t. 49, f. 55 (1741) et 

 Herbar. 



Bryum ericmfolium Necker in Act. ac. Theod.-pal. ii, 451 (1770); Meth. muse. 193 (1771). 



Barbula rigida Hedw. St. crypt, i, 65 p.p. t. 25 excl. fig. 16 (1787). 



Barbula brevirostris FvERHR, et BnvcH in Flora xij, P. H, 599 (1829). Hueeen. Muse, 

 germ. 308, excl. syn. (1833). 



Tortula aloides De Not. in Mem. ac. Torin. XL, 306 p.p. et Syllab. 177, p.p. (1838). 



Barbula ambigua Br. Schimp. Bry. eur. f. 13—15, Mon. 14, t. 2 (1843). Raeenh. Deutsch. 



kr. fl. ii, S. 3, 104 (1848). Schimp. Synops. 164 (i860), 2 ed. igo. C. Muell, Synops. 



i, 596 (1849). Milde Bry. siles. in (1869). Lesq. James Mosses n. amer. 116 (1884). 



