ToRTULACE^.] 211 [Tortula. 



Toriula ambigua Aongst. in nov. act. soc. Upsal. xii, 376 (1844),. Spruce in Hook. 

 Journ. Bot. iv, igi (1845), et Ann. mag. n. h. 2 ser. iii, 374 (1849). Hartm. Skand. fl. 

 5—8 edd. WiLS. hSry. br. 120, t. 42 (1855). De Not. Muse. ital. I, 16, t. 2 (1862) ; 

 Epil. bri, ital. 529 {1869). Berk. Handb. br. m. 259 (1863). Lindb. de Tortul. 234 

 (1864). HoEK. Syn. br. m. 04 {1873). Juratz. Laubm. oester.-ung. 126 (1882). 



Dioicous ; short, laxly caespitose. Leaves longer, horizontal, ex- 

 panded, from an ovate base, lineal-lane, incurved at tip, arcuate when 

 dry, reddish at back. Seta red below, pale above. Cal. short, reaching 

 just to lid ; caps, erect, cylindraceous, brown, sulcate when dry, ann. 

 narrow, persistent, lid elongato-conic, entire at margin ; teeth of per. 

 longer, red, once twisted, when dry arcuato-incurved; spores smooth. 



Hab. — Walls and marly banks. Fr. 11 — 3. 



Welburn, Malton, and near York (Spruce, 1847). Warrington, Clitheroe, and Newton 

 Viaduct {Wiho7i, 1848) ! ! Pontefract and Knottingley (Nowell). Bristol (Thwaites). 

 Blackburn and Burnley {Hunt) ! ! Dublin and Cork {Moore, 1874) ! ! Sussex {Mitten). 

 Witney and Oxford {BoswelVjW Bowness {Barnes) \ Beaumaris {Wilson, 1856)!! 

 Plymouth {Holmes) ! Wadebridge and Newlyn cliff, Cornwall (Ciirnow). Bearley, 

 Warwick (Bng-KaH). Reigate (Holmes, 1873)!! Wetherby, Yorks. (IF«/(;^) ! ! 



Often growing with T. aloides, but easily known by the cucullate tips of 

 the leaves, the erect cylindric capsule and the bright red incurved teeth. 



6. TOETUIA ALOIDES [KocJi) De Not. 



Dioicous ; short. Leaves long, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, acute. 

 Caps, cylindraceous, inclined, subarcuate ; cal. reaching a little below 

 the lid, per. scarce twisted, arcuato-incurved when dry. (T. XXXI, A.) 



Syn. — Bryuni rigidum Sm. Eng. Bot. t. 180 (1794). 



Tortula rigida Sm. F1. brit. 1249 (1804). Hook. Tayl. Muse. br. 30 p.p. t. 12 (1818). 

 Hook. Grev. in Brewst. Edin. Journ. i, 289 p.p. (1824). WiLS. in Eng. Bot. Suppl. t. 

 2759 (1834). Hartm. Sk. fl. 4 — 8 edd. 



Trichostomum aloides Koch MSS. Schultz Recens. Barb. 197 (1823). Brid. Bry. univ, 

 i, Suppl. 816 (1827). Wallr. Fl. crypt, germ, i, 172. 



Barbula aloides Fuernr. Bruch in Flora XH, P. H, 598 (1829). Hueben. Muse. germ. 

 307 (1833). Br. Schimp. Bry. eur. f. 13 — 15, p. 15, t. 2 (1842). C. Muell. Synops. i, 

 596 (1849). Rabenh. Deutsch. kr. fl. ii, S. 3, 104 (1848). Schimp. Synops. 165 (i86o) ; 

 2 ed. 191. MiLDE Bry. siles. in (1869). HusN. Mouss. nord-ouest. 78 (1873). 



Tortula aloides De Not. Syllab. muse. 177 (1838) ; Muse. ital. 1, 15, t. i (1862) ; Epil. bri. 

 ital. 528(1869). Berk. Hand. br. m. 259 (1863). Lindb. de Tort. 235 (1864). Hobk. 

 Syr. br. m. 64 (1873). Juratz. Laubm. oester.-ung. 126 (1S82). 



Dioicous; short, dull green. Leaves erecto-patent, longer, rigid, 



linear-lanceolate, acuminate, acute, nerve incrassate in the middle, 



convex at back, often reddish. Caps, from curving of the seta, cernuous 



or subhorizontal, cylindraceous, subarcuate, rufo-fuscous on upper side, 



pale fuscous beneath ; cal. reaching a little beyond lid, ann. of small 



cells, long persistent, lid rostrate, acute ; teeth of per. very slender, 



pale red, simply contorted, when dry arcuato-incurved with the points 



assurgent ; spores larger, smooth. 



Hab. — Clay banks and wall tops. Fr. 11 — 2. 



Dublin, Mayo, Sligo and Galway {Moore). Ripley, Yorks. (Baker 1856) ! Islip and 

 Shotover, Oxford (Boswell 1858) ! ! Beaumaris and Bangor (Wilson 1863) 1 ! Black- 



