ToRTULACE^.J 217 [Tortula. 



Syn. — Muscus capillaceus minor, capitulis erectis vulgatissimus Ray Synops. 2 ed. 28, n. 1. 



(1696). 

 Muscus trichoides parvus, capitula creberrima oblonga erecta habitiora, per siccitatem 



atrorubentia producens Vernon. Ray op. c. 33, n. 30. 

 Bryum minus, erectis minus falcatis capitulis, foliis latiusculis congestis in pilum 



canescentem desinentibiis Dill, in Ray. Syn. 3 ed. 94 (1724). 



Byyum tegulare humile pilosum et incanum Dill. Hist. muse. 355, t. 45, f. 14 A — E 

 (1741), et Herbsir. 



Bryum murale L. Sp. pi. ii, 1117 (1753). Fl. suec. 2 ed. 993 (1755). Huds. F1. angl. 

 406 (1762). Weiss Crypt. Goett. 192 (1770). Neck. Meth. muse. 197 (1771), Del. 

 Gallo-belg. ii, 458. Wither. Bot. arr. br. veg. ii, 673 (1776). Lightf. Fl. scot, ii, 

 720 (1777). Weber Spic. fl. goett. 100 (1778). Relhan Fl, cant. 403 (1785). Hoffm. 

 Deutsch. fl. ii, 45 (1795). Abbot Fl. bedf. 240 (1798). Hull Brit. fl. H, 256 (1799). 



Mnium murale Swartz Meth. muse. 27 (1781). 



Tortula muralis Hedw. Fund. II, 92 (1782), Sp. muse. 123. Sibth. Fl. oxon. 284 (1794). 

 Brid. Muse. rec. II, P. I, 186, t. 3, f. 20 (1798), Sp. muse. I, 250 (1806). Swartz 

 Muse. suec. 39 (1799). Roth Fl. germ, iii, P. I, 203 (1800). Roehl. Moosg. 

 deutsch. 400 (1800). Smith Fl. bnt. 1256 (1804) ; Eng. Bot. t. 2033. Turn. 

 Muse. hib. 50 (1804). P. Beauv. Prodr. 92 (1805). Schultz Fl. starg. 304 (1806). 

 Wahlenb. Fl. carp. 238 (1814), Fl. upsal. 375 (1820). Hook. Tayl. muse. brit. 30, 

 t. 12 (1818). Hook. Fl. scot. P. 2, 127 (1821), Br. fl. ii, 44 (1833). Gray Nat. arr. 

 br. pi. i, 722 (1821). Mack. Fl. hib. P. 2, 25 (1836). De Not. in Mem. ace. Torin. 

 xl, 301 (1838), Syllab. 175 (1838), Muse. ital. I, 31, t. 12 (1862), Epil. bri. ital. 536 

 (1869). WiLS. Bry. br. 130, t. 12 (1855). Berk. Handb. br. m. 253, t. 22, f. 3 (1863). 

 LiNDB. de Tort. 239 (1864). Hobk. Syn. br. m. 66 (1873). 



Barbiila muralis TiMM Fl. megap. 240 (1788). Web. Mohr Bot. Tasch. 206 (1807). 

 Schwaeg. Suppl. I, P. I, r32 (1811). Voit Muse. herb. 55 (1812). Roehl. Deutsch. 

 fl. iii, 78 (1813). Mart. Fl. cr. erl. 90 (1817). Zenk. Dietr. Muse, thuring. I, n. 13 

 (1821). Schultz Recens. 221, t. 34, f. 29 (1823). Brid. Bry. univ. i, 546 (1826). 

 HuEBEN. Muse. germ. 313 (1833). Br. Sch. Bry. eur. fasc. 13 — 15, Mon. 35, t. 20 

 (1842). Rabenh. Deutsch. kr. fl. ii, S. 3, 109 (1848), C. Muell. Synops. i, 625 

 (1849). Schimp. Synops. 185 (i860), 2 ed. 201. Milde Bry. siles. 113 (1869). Lesq. 

 James Mosses N. Ameri iig (1884). 



Mollia muralis Schrank Bayer. Fl. ii, 456 (1789). 



Desmatodon muralis Juratz. Laubm. oesterr.-ung. 134 (1882). 



Autoicous ; densely pulvinate or caespitant, yellowish or glaucous 

 green and canescent, sparingly branched. Leaves when dry appressed 

 and twisting, when moist patent, lower oblongo-lanceolate, upper elon- 

 gate-ligulate, with the apex obtuse, unequally prolonged or subcordate, 

 minutely papillose, the margin yellowish, strongly revolute ; nerve yellow, 

 excurrent in a diaphanous hair ; upper cells small, chlorophyllose, indis- 

 tinct, basal rectangular, hyaline. Caps, on a purple or yellow seta, 

 oblongo-subcylindric, pachydermous, regular, dark brown, annulus 

 narrow, subpersistent ; calyptra large, pale brown, lid obliquely conico- 

 rostellate ; peristome purple, closely convolute, on a very narrow basal 

 membrane. 



Male infl. gemmaceous, on a short lateral branch, bracts ovate, 

 obtuse, mucronate with the nerve. 



Hab. — On walls, stones and rubbish ; very common. Fr. 4 — 5. 

 Var. p. rupestris {Schultz). 



Plants robust, taller, more branched ; leaves broader, oblong ; caps, 

 cylindraceous, on a long seta. 



