596 SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF ZIEGLER POLAR EXPEDITION 



Cape Flora Teplitz Bay 



Mean range of the tropic diurnal wave 0.606 0.292 



Mean diurnal range — that is, Mean HHW — MeanLLW . 1.203 1.236 



Mean range of perigean tides 1.103 1.274 



Mean range of apogean tides 0.831 0.962 



Mean high-water tropic diurnal inequality 0.127 0.175 



Mean low- water tropic diurnal inequality 0.592 0.229 



Mean age of the phase tides ^d 5.6A 2d i./^h 



Meaft age of the parallax tides 2rf 13.9A irf 18.6A 



Mean age of the diurnal tides — oa? 15.9A —od 21.5k 



Quantities Usefui, for Ci<assipying Tides 



Cape Flora Teplitz Bay 



M°, — K°, -0°i 202° 103° 



Ratio ' Ratio 



(K, + Oj)h-M, 0.68 0.28 



S,^M, 0.33 0.41 



HWQn-Mn 0.13 0.16 



IvWQ-i-Mn 0.62 0.21 



GcH-Mn 1.35 1. 15 



(Sg — Np)-^Mn 0.63 0.78. 



Sequence LLW to HHW HHW to LLW 



h m km 



Duration of rise 6 07 6 15 



Duration of fall 6 18 6 10 



Generai, Conclusions 



A comparison of the results obtained above indicates that the type of tide at Cape Flora is 

 quite different from that at Teplitz Bay. It is interesting to trace out resemblances between 

 the tides of Franz Josef Archipelago and those of more accessible portions of the earth. In 

 some of the most prominent characteristics the tides of Cape Flora resemble those of Mel- 

 bourne, Australia, while those of Teplitz Bay are in a similar way like those of Sitka, Alaska. 

 It happens that both Melbourne and Sitka are in the Pacific Ocean, although widely separated, 

 and some one might hastily conclude that the tides of Franz Josef Archipelago are derived from 

 that ocean. But a very little consideration of the narrow and comparatively shallow npening 

 at Bering Strait will convince one of the extreme improbability of the Arctic tides being derived 

 from the Pacific Ocean to any appreciable extent. >a i 



The tide wave appears to reach Franz Josef Archipelago from the Atlantic Ocean by two 

 channels, one between Norway and Spitzbergen and the other between Spitzbergea and Green- 

 land. The latter channel being much deeper than the former, the tide wave from the Green- 

 land channel reaches Teplitz Bay, in the northern portion of Franz Josef Archipelago, nearly 

 four hours before the tide wave from the Norway channel arrives at Cape Flora, in the southern 

 portion of the archipelago. The indications are (see maps 23, 25, and 26 of Appendix 5, Re- 

 port of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey for 1904) that the itide wave advances 

 southerly through the channels between the various islands of the group and along their 

 eastern coasts until it meets the, southern wave a few miles east of Ca|)e Flora, although no 

 observatiooshave been made to establish this statement. 



