INDEX. 



273 



Roots, absorption through, 34, 35. 



Eoots, growth of, 12. 



Roots, propagation by, 34. 



Rootstocli, 47, 48. 



Roots, storage of nourishment in, 



32, 33. 

 Roots, structure of, 30-32. 

 Root-system, 33, 34. 

 Rotation of protoplasm, 129. 

 Russian thistle, 201, 202, 205. 



Sage, fertilization in flowers of, 



171, 172. 

 Sago-palm, 72. 

 Salver-shaped, 147. 

 Sap, descent of, 69. 

 Sap, rise of, 58, 68, 69, 116. 

 Saprophytes, 121. 

 Sapwood, 59. 

 Scalloped, 87. 

 Scape, a naked or merely braded 



peduncle, rising from the ground, 



as in the dandelion. 

 Sclerenchyma, 64. 

 Secondary growth, 62, 63. 

 Secondary root, 26. 

 Sedge, rootstock of, 48. 

 Section, wood, 53, 54, 56, 57, 59, 60. 

 Seed, 4-25. 



Seeds, dispersal of, 200-202. 

 Seed-leaf, 5. 

 Seedling, parts of, 12. 

 Selection, natural, 212. 

 Self-fertilization, 160. 

 Sepal, 137. 



Separated flowers, 145. 

 Sequoia, 44. 



Series, plants form a, 217. 

 Serrate, 87. 

 Sessile, not stalked, as leaves withr 



out petioles, or anthers without 



filaments. 

 Shrub, 43. 

 Sieve-plate, 55, 56. 

 Sieve-tube, 55, 56. 

 Silica, 117. 

 Simple leaves, 91. 

 Simple pistU, 147. 

 Sinuate, 87. 

 Sleep of leaves, 98, 99. 

 Slime-moulds, 126-128. 

 "Smilax," 50, 51. 

 Sori, 241. 

 Spatulate, 87. 

 Species, 213. 

 Spike, 1-32, 133. 

 Spine, 207, 208. 

 Spiral vessel, 59. 

 Spirogyra, study of, 221-224. 

 Spore, 126-128. 

 Squash-seed, 4, 5. 

 Stamen, 143. 

 Stamen, parts of, 146. 

 Staminate, containing stamens hut 



not pistils. 

 Standard, one of the petals in a 



papilionaceous flower (the large 



upright one shown in Fig. 195). 

 Starch, 21-23, 72. 

 Starch disappears during germina • 



tion, 23. 

 Starch-making, 119-121. 

 Starch, testing seed for, 21, 22. 

 Stem, 38-76. 



Stem, early history of, 61, 62. 

 Stem, functions of cells of, 58, 59. 

 Stemless plants, 44. 

 Stem, moditiability of, 50, 51. 

 Stem, monocotyledonous, 64-66. 

 Stems, storage of food in, 72. 



