ELEMENTS OF BOTANY. 



b. (P. rigida), Northekn Pitch Pine. A stout tree, 30-80 ft. 

 high, with rough scaly bark. Leaves in threes, 3-5 in. long, stiff 

 and flattened. Cones ovate-conical, 2-3 in. long, their scales tipped 

 ■with a short, abruptly curved spine. Wood hard, coarse and resinous, 

 mainly used for fuel. 



Fig. 209. — Sootoh Pine (P. sylvestris). 

 1, a twig showing : a, stamlnate catkins ; 6, pistillate catkins ; c, a cone ; d, needles. 

 2, an anther, a, side view ; &, outer surface. 3, a carpel-scalu, a, inner surface ; 

 b, outer surface. 4, a cone-scale, a seed-wing and a seed. 5, section of a seed, 

 showing the embryo. (1) is natural size ; the other parts of the figure are magni- 

 fied by the amount indicated by comparison with the vertical line alongside each. 



c. (P. sylvestris), Scotch Pine (wrongly called Scotch Fir). A 

 medium-sized tree, with the older bark reddish and scaly. Leaves in 

 twos, l|-2^ in. long. Cones rather small and tapering (Fig. 209, c). 

 Cultivated from Europe. 



