SYNOPSIS OF ORDERS AND FAMILIES, ETC. IX 



Family 11. Urticaceae (Page 127) 



Flowers apetalous, regular; stamens inflexed, as many as the 

 calyx lobes; ovary usually superior, I celled, 1 ovuled ; stigma 

 feathery ; fvuit an achene or a drupe; leaves alternate or opposite. 



Sijib-division II. Petalae 



Both calyx and corolla present (except in Trochodendraceae, 

 Lauraceae, Liquidambar in Hamamelidaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and in 

 some species of Acer.) ' 



Section 1. Polypetalae. Corolla of separate petals. 



A. Ovary superior (partly inferior in Hamamelidaceae ; inferior 

 in Malm, Sorbus, Crataegus, and Amelanchier in Rosaceae.) 



ORDER RANALES 



Flowers spiral or cyclic, rarely naked, mostly with perianth, peri- 

 gynous to epigynous; stamens mostly numerous; carpels indefinite to 1; 

 free, rarely united. Herbs and woody plants. 



Family 12. Troehodendraeeae (Page 128) 



Flowers monoecious, without perianth or apetalous; carpels 

 2-many; fruit winged and indehiscent or a follicle; leaves alternate 

 without stipules. 



Family 13. Cereidiphyllaceae (Page 132) 



Flowers unisexual, dioecious; stamens numerous; carpels 2-5; 

 fruit a many-seeded pod. 



Family 14. MagHOliaceae (Page 130) 



Flowers perfrct, sepals and petals in 3's or a multiple of 3; 

 fruit cone-like or fleshy, composed of numerous cohering carpels; 

 leaves alternate, deciduous or persistent, with stipules. 



ORDER ROSALES 



Flowers cyclic, rarely spirally arranged with sepals and petals, rarely 

 without petals, hypogynous to epigynous! stamens numerous; carpels 

 sometimes free, sometimes united ; ovules indefinite. Herbs, shrubs or 

 trees with alternate leaves, without stipules. 



