PINAOEAE 5 



Cupressineae. Leaves opposite or whorled, often scale-like; ovules 

 upright ; strobiles may ripen fleshy. 



I. Fruit a cone; leaves scale-like or sometimes needle-like on juvenile 

 branches. 



A. Scales of cone imbricate or valvate, oblong; seeds 2 under each 

 scale, maturing in 2 years. 



1. Scales of cone 6, only the middle ones fertile; seeds 

 unequally 2 winged . .• IAbocedrus. 



2. Scales of cones 8-12; the 2 upper pairs fertile; seeds equally 

 2 winged (wingless in our species) Thuya. 



B. Scales of cone peltate: 



1. Cones small; wings of seeds very large, unequal; seeds 2. 

 Fokienia. 



2. Cones rather large and woody; seeds many under each 

 scale ; fruits maturing in 2 seasons Cupressus. 



II. Fruit fleshy, an indehiscent berry or drupe," ovules in 2's or solitary; 

 flowers dioecious; leaves scale-like or needle-shaped, and in 3's, 

 (often of 2 forms) r Juniperus. 



LARIX 



Deciduous coniferous trees, with elongated, slender leading branch- 

 lets and short spur-like lateral branchlets on the twigs after the first 

 year. Leaves linear or needle shaped, 3 or rarely 4 angled, remote and 

 spirally arranged on the leading shoots, crowded in a tuft on the short 

 spurs, deciduous in the autumn. Flowers monoecious, unisexual, 

 solitary, the staminate on short, leafless spurs, composed of numerous 

 spirally arranged short-stalked stamens with yellow anthers. Pistillate 

 flowers on lateral spurs, globose, erect, composed of several orbicular 

 scales in the axils of long, mucronate, usually scarlet bracts. Fruit a 

 cone' with exserted or included bracts and persistent scales, each bearing 

 2 winged seeds. Seeds nearly triangular, shorter than their wings, 

 ripening and falling in one year. 



The larches are widely distributed over the cool parts of the N. 

 Hemisphere, forming pure forests and extending across Canada and the 

 N. United States in America, and over Central Europe, the Himalayas, 



