PINACEAE 13 



in 5's, slender and spreading, serrulate, 8-15 cm. long; sheath early 

 deciduous. Staminale flowers 2 cm. long, cylindric, yellow, with 

 spatulate scales at the base. Cones 6-20 cm. long, oblong cylindrical, 

 yellowish-brown, pendent on peduncles which sometimes remain on the 

 tree after the cone has fallen away; the scales dull or slightly lustrous, 

 tapering to a slightly thickened umbo, sometimes a little reflexed; umbo 

 not prominent. Seeds wingless, reddish-brown, ovoid, compressed, with 

 a sharp ridge around the edge, 12 mm. long. 



In the mountains of C. and W. China, Hupeh, Szechuan, Yunnan 

 and Shensi, to Formosa. 



The tree has a pale gray, smooth bark and a shapely habit. It 

 occupies rocky situations and seldom forms pure stands. The wood is 

 soft, close grained and resinous, esteemed for its durability, used for 

 building purposes as well as for cheaper grades of furniture. The seeds 

 are edible. Planted in Europe and America as an ornamental tree. The 

 seeds are sold in the markets, esteemed as a delicacy. 



Pinus bungeana Zuccarini. 



White Bark Pine. (Bid Tsung) 



# 

 Tree 5r20m. tall, sometimes divided into several stems. Bark dark 



brown, scaling off into thin, irregular flakes, exposing the chalky white 



inner bark. On old trees the bark becomes conspicuously white by 



the flaking off of outside layers.. Branches long and slender; branchlets 



glabrous, gray-green. Leaves 6-10 cm. long, in bundles of 3's, rigid, 



acute, light green, edges serrulate; sheath early diciduous. Staminate 



flowers in loose spikes, 10 cm. long. Cones solitary or in pairs, almost 



sessile, subterminal or pseudolateral, short ovate, 5-7 cm. long. Scales 



yellow or yelloW-brown, the apophysis with a transverse ridge at the 



upper margin and a pointed, recurved umbo. Seeds brownish, with a 



short, ineffective, loosely attached wing which sometimes remains in the 



. cone after the seed has fallen. Seeds ovate, about 9-13 mm. long. 



This pine is planted in temple grounds and courtyards, and is rarely 

 seen in a wild state. There are indications that this tree once formed 

 extensive forests. In the temple of Tieh Ta Tsze, near Peking, is a 

 celebrated tree of this species named by the Emperor Chien Lung, ''Chiu 

 Lung Tsung " — the Pine of the Nine Dragons. Pinus bungeana is a slow 

 growing tree, with coarse, brittle wood. The white bark is distinctively 

 conspicuous and ornamental. This pine has a tendency to branch into 

 several stems which add to its decorative value. 



