RTJTACEAE 191 



petiolate, without stipules; leaflets opposite or alternate, crenate serrate, 

 stalked. Flowers small, dioecious, in erect terminal panicles; calyx 5 

 lobed, triangular, persistent for a time under the fruit; petals 5-8, ovate- 

 lanceolate, longer than the calyx lobes, yellow-green; staminate flowers 

 with 5 stamens ; pistillate flowers composed of 5 carpels ; ovary 5 celled ; 

 style short and thick. Fruit a black drupe, borne on an erect panicle; 

 flesh black, aromatic, enclosing 5 small, 1 seeded stones. 



5 or 6 closely related species in E. Asia. 



The leaves of Phellodendron when bruised give off an aromatic odor. 

 The leaf stalk has a swollen base which completely envelopes the bud. 

 The outer bark is often corky and ridged, used occasionally for the 

 floating of fish nets. The inner bark is bright yellow, used in medicine 

 under the name of Huang-po. The seeds are bitter, also medicinal, and 

 in addition are said to be useful as an insecticide. 



Phellodendron amurense Ruprecht. 



Tree 15 m. tall. Bark gray, corky and deeply fissured. Branchlet 

 orange yellow. Buds covered with silky pubescence. Leaves from 20-30 

 cm. long; leaflets 5-11 (13), ovate or ovate-lanceolate, long pointed, 

 rounded or cuneate and unequal at the base, ciliate along the margins, 

 bright green above, hairy only along the midrib or glabrous below, 6-10 

 cm. long, 2-3.5 cm. wide, turning yellow in the autumn. Inflorescence at 

 first puberulous, about 8 cm. long. Fruiting panicles 8-12 cm. long and 

 4-6 cm. wide; fruit 10-12 mm. in diameter, black, aromatic when bruised. 

 Amurland, N. China and Japan. 

 ■ The wood is pale brown in color with thin sap wood and wide bands 

 of pores marking the annual growth; used for the making of furniture 

 and small articles. In Japan the wood is valued for rifle-stocks. A 

 yellow pigment, extracted from the bark, is employed in the manufacture 

 of documentary paper, the pigment rendering the paper insect proof. 

 This species has been recommended for planting in city streets as it is 

 free from insect attacks, resistant to drought and heat and is not 

 particular as to soil. Phellodendron amurense is fairly rapid growing 

 when young. 



Phellodendron sachalinense Sargent. 



Tree 15 m. tall. Bark brownish, not corky. Branchlets brown. 

 Leaflets 7-11, ovate to ovate-oblong, dark green above, often glaucous 



