CHOROGRAPHY. 3 
the Gabilan ridge reappears, and is separated by Petaluma 
valley from the Sonoma ridge, that by Sonoma valley from the 
Carneros ridge, and that by Napa valley from the main Coast 
tidge. Farther north the spurs are so numerous, and con- 
nected so closely together, that they are scarcely distinguished 
by names; and a large portion of the coast, from the main 
ridge westward, is a mass of mountains. The Coast Moun- 
tains are steep, rocky, rugged, and brown: north of 38° they 
are covered with timber and brush; south of that the ridges 
nearest the ocean have some timber, those farther inland are 
nearly bare. The main ridge near the head of the Sacramento 
valley is called the Trinity ridge; near Mount Diablo it is 
called the Diablo ridge, or the Bolbones ridge; south of 34° 
it is called the San Bernardino ridge, and in one place the 
Cuyamaca Mountain. 
§ 3. Coast Peaks and Passes——The principal peaks of the 
main ridge are Mount Linn, in 40° 10’; Mount St. John, in 
39° 25’; Mount Ripley, 7,500 feet high, in 39° 08’; Mount St. 
Helena, 3,700 feet high, in 38° 40’; Mount Diablo, 3,876 feet 
high, in 37° 50’; Pacheco’s Peak, 2,700 feet high, in 36° 57’; 
Mount San Bernardino, 8,500 feet high, in 34° 20’; and Mount 
San Gorgonio, 7,000 feet high, in 33° 48’. In the Gabilan 
ridge are the following peaks: the Chupadero, in 36° 35’; the 
.Gabilan, in 36° 50’; the Loma Prieta, 4,040 feet high, in 37° 
08’; and Table Mountain, or Tamalpais, in 37° 53’. The prin- 
cipal passes in the main ridge are south of the outlet of the 
Sacramento basin, and are—Livermore’s Pass, 686 feet high, 
in 37° 42’; Pacheco Pass, in 37°; the Pass de los Robles, in 
35° 20’; the Cajon de Tenoco, in 34° 40’; the Pass of San 
Francisquito, 3,437 feet high, in 34° 35’; Williamson’s Pass, 
3,164 feet high, in 34° 30’; the Cajon Pass, 4,676 feet high, in 
34° 10’; the San Gorgonio Pass, 2,808 feet high, in 33° 55’; 
and Warner’s Pass, 3,780 feet high, in 33° 10’. The Santa Mar- 
garita Pass, with an altitude of 1,350 fect, leads across the 
Santa Lucia ridge, in 35° 20’; and the San Fernando Pass, 
1,956 feet high, crosses the Santa Susanna ridge, in 34° 20’, 
