it 
240 RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA. 
no account of the sums carried by passengers to foreign coun- 
tries and coined elsewhere than at London, or used as jewelry, 
or of the amount now in circulation in this state. According 
to the books of the custom-house of San Francisco, the sums 
manifested for export were as follows: 
In 1849, $4,921,250; in 1850, $27,676,346; in 1851, $42,- 
582,695; in 1852, $46,586,134 ; in 1853, $57,331,034; in 1854, 
$51,328,653; in 1855, $45,182,631 ; in 1856, $48,887,543 ; in 
1857, $48,976,697; in 1858, $47,548,025; in 1859, $47,640,462; 
in 1860, $42,303,345; in 1861, $40,639,089; a total of $551,603,- 
904 in twelve years. 
The exportation of gold commenced in 1848, but we have 
no record of the sums sent away in that year. Previous to 
1854 very large sums were carried away by passengers, who 
gave no statement at the custom-house; since that year, the 
manifests show the exportation correctly within a few millions. 
Iam entirely satisfied that the total gold yield of California 
has been not less than seven hundred millions of dollars; but 
I have not room here to state the reasons for this opinion. My 
estimate is considerably less than that of most business men 
of the ‘state, and less than that made by Hunt’s Merchants’ 
Magazine. There was undoubtedly a regular increase in the 
annual yield of the mines from 1848 to the end of 1853; and 
there has been a gradual decrease since the beginning of 1854 
—a decrease perhaps not very regular but still certain. Since 
1854 considerable sums exported from San Francisco and in- 
cluded in our tables, came from mines beyond the limits of 
California, such as the mines in Southern Oregon, in the east- 
ern part of Washington Territory, in British Columbia, and 
in Nevada Territory ; and while the Californian gold yield has 
been decreasing, these extraneous supplies have been increzs- 
ing. Several millions must be deducted from the annual 
shipments since 1858, for foreign gold. The gold yield will 
undoubtedly continue to fall, but to what point and at what 
rate no one can know. I believe that in 1870, the yield will 
not exceed thirty millions of dollars. 
