3830 RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA. 
Adding together the inhabitants of Nevada, Oregon, Wash- 
ington, the western parts of New Mexico and Arizona, the 
northwestern part of Mexico, British Columbia, Vancouver 
Island, and the Hawaiian Islands, we have a total of about one 
million seven hundred thousand people; and mineral, commer- 
cial, and industrial resources and advantages that must attract 
many more inhabitants at no distant day. 
§ 235. Imports.—The imports of California are about $55,- 
000,000 per year; that is, we import about as much as we 
export; and our exports amount, with gold, silver, grain, wool, 
wine, and sundries, to $55,000,000 annually. We have, how- 
ever, no exact table of our imports, for most of them come 
from New York, and, if of foreign production, have paid duty 
there, and no report of their class and value is made at the 
custom-house in San Francisco. Therefore, we cannot obtain 
such tables of the imports into our chief port as are made at 
New York, where all the foreign goods are received direct. 
In the absence of accurate statistics, I must make an estimate 
of the values of the several classes of imported articles, which, 
while confessedly inexact, may yet serve to convey informa- 
tion to those who know nothing of the subject: 
The clothing and material for clothing imported in a year 
may cost us $15,000,000; provisions (among which butter is 
perhaps the most important), coffee, tea, and spices, $3,000,000 ; 
tobacco, $3,000,000; cutlery, hardware, and metallic articles, 
$4,000,000; articles of wood, such as wagons, agricultural im- 
plements, &c., $1,000,000; drugs, $1,000,000; boots and shoes, 
$3,000,000; jewelry, $1,000,000; coal, $1,000,000; liquors,. 
$2,000,000; and sundries, $2,000,000: total, $36,000,000. For 
freight on imported goods we pay $4,000,000; for insurance to 
foreign companies, $1,000,000; for interest-money on foreign 
capital, $1,000,000; for passenger-fares, $2,000,000—making a 
total sum of $44,000,000, which is less by several millions than 
the amount of annual exports. 
§ 236. Heports—Gold has the first place, but the exact 
amount exported is not known, for considerable quantities not 
