412 RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA. 
tary to San Francisco Bay for large sea-going vessels. It has 
a fine harbor, perfectly protected against all winds, with good 
holding-ground, and extent enough to accommodate all the 
commerce which will ever visit it. That portion sufficiently 
deep at low water for vessels drawing four fathoms, is three 
miles long by a quarter of a mile wide, and for smaller vessels 
the harbor is much larger. The best chart of the harbor is 
No. 61 in the U. 8. Coast Survey Report for 1857, which re- 
port can be found in all public and many private libraries. 
The navigation to the harbor from the Golden Gate, a distance 
of twenty-six miles, is excellent, the channel being wide and 
deep, and the winds strong and regular. 
Secondly.—The town is in the midst of a fertile district. 
The country north of San Pablo and Suisun Bays is the richest 
agricultural district of the state. The valleys of Petaluma, 
Santa Rosa, Russian River, Sonoma, Napa, Suscol, Suisun, 
and Vaca, form a collection which, for extent of fertile soil, 
abundance of water, and mildness of climate, have no equal of 
like extent in California. These lie to the northwest, north, 
and northeast of Vallejo, while south and southeast lie the San 
Pablo, San Ramon, Amador, and Diablo valleys. 
Thirdly.—V allejo has a magnificent site fora town. The pres- 
ent village is built on the slopes of hills about a hundred or a hun- 
dred and fifty feet high, which rise from the harbor so gently, 
that a heavily laden wagon can be drawn over without an extra 
team. There are no deep gullies, and no sand. About half a 
mile back from the landing lies a beautiful and very fertile 
plain, called “ Vallejo Valley,” several miles wide and extend- 
ing from the lower part of the harbor, upon which it opens, 
northward to Suscol. I have never seen a city provided with 
such a magnificent place for country residences as this. 
Feurthly.—The town must be the main trading point of a 
large agricultural population. Suscol is now one of the best- 
tilled parts of the state. 
Figthiy.— Vallejo has peculiar railroad facilities. She can 
have railroads running almost the entire distance on level 
