426 RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA. 
Chowchilla, Cahuilla, Suscol, Suisun, Cosumnes, Temécula, 
Temascal, Jurupa, Petaluma, Tomales, Yreka, Ukiah, Cuyama, 
Cocomongo, Mayacmas, Bolbones, Guilicos, Huichica, and 
Hoopah. Most of these are the names of tribes of Indians. 
The Mokelumne, Tuolumne, Chowchilla, Cabuilla, and Cosum- 
nes Rivers were called by the Spaniards el Rio de los Moque- 
lumnes, el Rio de los Tuolumnes, etc. The second syllable of 
Moquelumne was changed by the Americans, to be spelled 
with ak, which has the same sound as gu before ¢ in Spanish. 
Cahuilla is sometimes vulgarly spelled ‘“‘ Kaweah” by Ameri- 
cans, who thus represent the Spanish pronunciation as nearly 
as possible. Klamath and Shasta were formerly written “Tla- 
math” and “Tshastl.” Sonoma, by some persons written “ Zo- 
noma” in early times, is an Indian word meaning “valley 
of the moon.” 'Temascal means an Indian sweat-house. So- 
lano is a Spanish word meaning the south wind, but Solano 
county was so called after the chief of the Suisun tribe of In- 
dians. I have not been able to learn whether his name was 
given to him by the Spaniards, or was of Indian origin. Marin 
county was also named after an Indian chief. Yreka is a cor- 
ruption of Wi-é-kah, which means whiteness, and is the Indian 
name of Mount Shasta, at the foot of which the town is situated. 
§ 303. American Names.—Now we come to the American 
names. Towns are named after Jackson, Washington, Lafay- 
ette, and Stockton (the last was in command of the American 
navy on this coast during the Mexican war). Bigler, one of 
the governors of the state, has been immortalized by having 
his name affixed to a lake. The patronymics of Alexander 
Humboldt and J. A. Sutter are affixed to counties. Trinity 
River was so named because the white men who discovered it 
in the mountains, supposed it emptied into the bay of Trinidad, 
which had been discovered by the Spaniards several ceuturies 
ago. Marysville was first called Yubaville, and then named 
after Mrs. Mary Covilland, one of the founders of the place. 
Among the pioneer miners of Calaveras county were Murphy, 
Angel, and Carson, and they became the eponyms (to use a 
