suckers which the cultivated varieties have a ten- 
dency to throw out from the base of their stems, 
and which are taken up and developed into trees. 
Usually a considerable num- 
ber of rooted sprouts may be 
obtained by banking rich soil 
around the stools during the 
summer to promote root for- 
mation, and long sprouts may 
be layered during the winter _ 
and become rooted by the fol- : 
lowing fall. 
There are several methods of 
layering, but the most common 
is to bend and fasten down the 
sprouts so that the lower por- 
tion is imbedded in earth to 
throw out roots, while the upper 
part is made to grow erect and 
form a new tree. The rooted 
sprouts and layers are sepa- 
rated from the parent tree and ih ms a 
LAYERED SPROUT SEV- 
ERED FROM PARENT TREE, 
SHOWING ROOT DEVELOP- 
4 MENT SUMMER AFTER 
LAYERING 
