CARE AND CULTIVATION 
While the filbert will stand some neglect, it is 
well to bear in mind that it responds readily to 
good treatment, and it pays to give the trees 
good care and keep the land in good cultivation 
and fertility. If the soil is deficient in lime, as 
generally is the case west of the Cascade Moun- 
tains, some should be applied; and unless the land 
is very rich, bearing trees, at least, should bi- 
annually receive a dressing of barnyard manure or 
poultry or other fertilizer. 
Clean cultivation should be practiced in filbert 
orchards, excepting as to cover crops, and for that 
purpose vetches probably give the best results in 
the Northwest. 
Generally speaking filbert trees have in the 
past had but little systematic pruning in the Pa- 
cific Northwest. The trees have done well without 
much pruning and this has fostered a quite general 
opinion that filberts needed but little actual prun- 
ing. But with older trees and the increasing num- 
ber and size of commercial orchards, a standard 
system is recommended. 
Up to this time filbert trees have usually been, 
and probably will continue to be, trained as low 
standard trees headed from one to three feet high. 
Some have been allowed to grow in their natural 
form of several stems, but the one stem or trunk 
form is generally preferred, being more convenient 
for care and cultivation. 
