2.2 SYNOPSIS OF VETERINARY 



6 parts in cold weather, and chloroform I part and ether 8 parts 

 in warm weather. 



Chloral hydrate used . by the mouth, and morphine hypo- 

 dermically help the effects of anaesthetics. 



Four times as much ether as chloroform is required to pro- 

 duce anaesthesia. Young animals are more susceptible to anaes- 

 thetics than old. Dogs are very susceptible, and cannot stand 

 chloroform. 



When anesthesia has been pushed too far, stop the drug, 

 allow plenty of fresh air, remove bindings, induce artificial res- 

 piration, slap the body. 



Give inhalation of ammonia to stimulate the heart, hypo- 

 dermic injections of ether, nitro-glycerin, strychnine, brandy or 

 other stimulants. Dilation of the rectum is recommended in hu- 

 man practice. 



Agents Acting on the Spinal Cord. — Are termed spinal de-. 

 pressants or depresso-motors, and spinal stimulants or excito- 

 motors. 



Depresso-Motors, or Motor Depressants. — Are agents which 

 depress the motor functions of the spinal cord and sympathetic 

 system; such drugs are used in tetanus, chorea, etc., to lessen 

 excitability of the cord; aconite, gelsemium, physostigma, etc. 



Spinal depressants act differently. Some paralyze directly, 

 some impede the circulation and thus produce their effect. 



Some act by first exciting, then depressing, some by de- 

 pression without previous excitement, some by diminishing the 

 conductivity of the gray matter of the cord, and thus impede 

 the transmission of painful impressions. 



Spinal Stimulants or Bxcito-Motors. — Increase the functional 

 activity of the spinal cord and sympathetic system, strychnine, 

 brucine, strophanthus, cimicifuga, etc., are used in general de- 

 bility, paralysis, sluggish action, as of the bowels, etc. 



Agents Acting on Nerves. — Sensory nerves are depressed by 

 all anodynes or anaesthetics, as antifebrin, antipyrine, exalgine, 

 etc., internally, and other anodynes locally, as cocaine, aconite and 

 opium; stimulated by electricity, etc. Motor nerves are para- 

 lyzed by curare and similar drugs. 



