l82 SYNOPSIS OF VETERINARY 



Preparations. 



aqua chloroform i — Chloroform Water. — Dose. — Dogs, 2 

 drs. to 2 ozs. 1 ounce contains about 2 minims of chloroform 

 and is used as a vehicle for cough and diarrhoea mixtures for dogs 

 and as a solvent and preservative for alkaloids and alkaloidal salts. 



Emulsum chloroformi. — Dose — Dogs, 2 dr. to i oz. Con- 

 tains 4 per cent of chloroform, a good agent and vehicle for 

 diarrhoea and vermifuge mixtures for small animals. 



spiritus chloroFormi — Composed of Chloroform 60 parts, 

 alcohol 940 parts. 



Dose. — Horses, 1 oz. ; cattle, 2 ozs. ; sheep and pigs, 2 to 6 

 drs. ; dogs, y 2 to 2 drs. Well diluted. 



UNiMENTUM cheoroformi. — Composed of chloroform 30 

 and soap liniment 70 parts. For external use. 



They are used as stimulants, antispasmodics and anodynes. 



Physiological Actions. — Chloroform is a topical irritant, anti- 

 septic, parasiticide, carminative, antispasmodic and analgesic, full 

 doses quickly and powerfully paralyze the cerebro-spinal nervous 

 system ; kills by paralyzing the heart and respiration ; the latter 

 effects are most rapidly produced when the drug is inhaled. 

 Chloroform is the anaesthetic most used for veterinary purposes, 

 except for dogs. 



Locally it is rubefacient if confined or even suppurant; it 

 also acts as a refrigerant, anodyne and local anaesthetic if not con- 

 fined. It penetrates the skin very readily and on this account 

 is commonly used in liniments to aid in the absorption of other 

 drugs. 



Compared to Ether. Chloroform is much more irritating 

 to the mucous membrane, and causes violent gastro-enteritis, if 

 swallowed undiluted; it is less stimulating and more depressing 

 to the heart and circulation; For inhalation it requires much 

 more air ; is less irritant to the air passages than ether ; is unin- 

 flammable, more pleasant, more prompt in action, has a shorter 

 stage of excitement, causes a more profound narcosis, and is not 

 so nauseating as ether and is cheaper. Statistics in human prac- 

 tice show it to be five times more fatal than ether. 



The results of exhaustive experiments show that chloroform 



