I9 2 SYNOPSIS OF VETERINARY 



The two principal alkaloids of opium are Morphine and 

 Codeine. 



Morphine is hypnotic, anodyne and narcotic. Codeine is 

 more calmative and less constipating. 



There is also an important derivative of morphine obtained 

 by the action of hydrochloric acid, known as Apomorphine. — It 

 is an artificial alkaloid and a powerful emetic. The hydrochlor- 

 ate is official. 



apomorphinae hydrochi.oras — Dose as an emetic for dogs, 

 Y& to ^ gr. by the mouth, and fa to r V gr. hypodermically ; 

 as an expectorant, by the mouth, dogs, gr. fa to fa; it is 

 ?oluble i in 7 of water, it occurs in small grayish white shining 

 needles, turning green on exposure to light and air. 



heroin (Diacetylmorphine) . 



A derivative of morphine. It occurs as a white, odo r less, 

 crystalline powder, having a slight bitter taste and alkaline re- 

 action. Insoluble in water, but readily soluble in water to which 

 a trace of acetic acid is added. 



heroin hydrocheorate — is soluble in 2 parts of water. 



Dose of either. — Horse, grs. j4 to 2 ; dogs, fa to £ gr. 



Heroin increases the inspiratory and expiratory force and 

 lessens the number of the respiratory movements. 



It is a general motor depressant and anodyne, but is not as 

 powerful as morphine in these actions. 



Heroin is of particular value in the treatment of the various 

 forms of cough, it is ten times more powerful as a respiratory 

 sedative than codeine. 



It has little if any hypnotic effects. 



Full doses cause lassitude and dizziness. 



A useful pharmaceutical preparation of Heroin exists in 

 Glyco-Heroin (Smith) which may be given to horses in one 

 ounce doses every 2 or 3 hours. 



For small dogs, ten to thirty drops ; large dogs, y 2 to 1 dr. 

 every 2, 3 or 4 hours. 



Of morphine there is an Acetate, a Hydrochlorate and a 

 Sulphate. If you combine with zinc sulphate, use the sulphate 

 of morphine, if combined with acetate of lead, use the acetate 

 of morphine, etc. 



