238 SYNOPSIS OF VETERINARY 



a volatile portion which separates into OH of Tar and pyroligne- 

 ous (crude acetic) acid. 



The Oil of Tar consists of various coal tar derivatives, mainly 

 Cresols, Guaiacol, Phenol, Toluol, Creosote, Acetone and Pyro- 

 catechin. 



It also contains methyl alcohol, etc. 



Properties. — Thick, viscid, semi-fluid, blackish-brown ; hea- 

 vier than water; characteristic (tarry) odor and taste. 



Tar is only slightly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol, fixed 

 or volatile oils and solutions of potassium or sodium hydrate. 



Preparations : — 



oleum picis uquidae — Oil of Tar. 



A volatile oil distilled from tar ; soluble in alcohol. 



Dose. — Horse, 1 to 3 drs. ; cattle, 2 to 3 drs. ; sheep, yi to 

 2 drs. ; swine, j/ 2 to 1 dr. ; dogs, 5 to 30 ms. 



Tar itself is occasionally used internally ; dose twice that of 

 oil of tar. 



Oil of tar should be diluted with alcohol, glycerin, syrup or 

 mucilage. 



unguEnTum picis uquidaE — Tar Ointment. (50%). 



Used alone as a healing ointment or as a base. 



Syrupus picis uquidae — Syrup of Tar. 



Dose. — Dogs, 1 to 4 drs. ; used in cough mixtures. 



Phyciological Actions. — Internally, is an antiseptic stimulant 

 expectorant. 



Externally, is a rubefacient and if continually rubbed in, 

 may cause papules and pustules. 



It is also antiseptic and parasiticide. 



Uses. Internally, tar or the oil is commonly used in cough 

 mixtures and in subacute and chronic bronchitis. 



By inhalation, (which is done by pouring tar on a heated 

 shovel or a shovel containing live coals) it is excellent for its local 

 antiseptic and stimulating effects in the various catarhal diseases ; 

 bronchitis, distemper, strangles, etc. 



Care should be used, so that the vapor be not inhaled too 

 hot. 



