22 TIMBEES AND THEIR USES 



Ebony, Bombay (Building). 



Els (Musical Instruments). 



Lasrin (Wheels). 



Rowan, Pyrus aucuparia, also Mountain Ash, 

 Fowler's Service Tree, Quicken Tree, occurs in 

 Europe, North America, Northern and Western 

 Asia, Madeira. A dense, fine-grained timber, not 

 .easily split. Takes a high polish and works well. 

 Heartwood reddish brown, sapwood cream- 

 coloured. 



Charcoal. As the destructive distillation of 

 wood and the production of Charcoal is dealt 

 with elsewhere, we need not here enter into a 

 discussion concerning the most useful woods for 

 charcoal production. 



Aldee. Alniis glutinosa (Fig. 24), also 

 known as Common Alder, Black Alder, occurs 

 in Europe. A very fine grained timber, light 

 and soft and very durable under water. " The 

 piles of Ravenna, according to Vitruvius, and 

 those of the Rialto at Venice, and those of 

 Amsterdam, according to Evelyn, were largely 

 of Alder, and Pliny speaks of it as ' eternal ' 

 when so used." It is considered by many to 

 be the best wood for gunpowder charcoal. 



Basswood (Cooperage). 



Beech, -Fagus syhatica (Fig. 56), also known 

 as White Beech, St. John's Beech, American 



