THE USES OF WOOD 55 



brown, and with light yellow sapwood. Cascara 

 sagrada is obtained from the bark. 



Camphor, Cinnamomum campJiora, occurs in 

 China, Japan and Formosa. A soft, pale-coloured 

 timber, from which camphor is obtained by dis- 

 tillation. 



Chir (Charcoal). From this tree turpentine 

 is derived. 



Fir, Balsam, Abies halsama, also known as 

 Balm of Gilead Fir, American Silver Fir, occurs 

 in Eastern North America. A soft, coarse- 

 gained, Hght timber, yellowish in colour. From 

 this wood Canada balsam is obtained. 



Meranti, Hofea Maranti, occurs in Malay 

 Peninsula. A heavy, soft red wood from which 

 Dammar resin is obtained. 



Pine, Cluster, Pinus pinaster, also known 

 as Sea Pine, Maritime Pine, occurs in Mediter- 

 ranean region, but introduced into Africa, India 

 and Australia. A very smooth, even-grained 

 wood ; white in colour, banded with darker 

 wood. A source of turpentine and lampblack, 

 also largely used for pit props. 



Pine, Long-leap, Pinus palustris, also known 

 as Pitch Pine, Long-leaved Yellow Pine, Yellow 

 Pine, Broom Pine, Southern Pine, Hard Pine, 

 Georgia Pine, Red Pine, Brown Pine, Swamp 

 Pine, Turpentine Tree, Pensacola Pine, Long 

 Straw Pine, occurs in Southern United States, 



