84 TIMBERS AND THEIR USES 



Cucumber, Tree, Magnolia acuminata, also 

 known as Mountain Magnolia, occurs in Eastern 

 United States. A close-grained, soft, yet durable 

 wood. Heartwood brownish, yellow, sapwood 

 white. 



Ebony, False, Cytisus laburnum, also known 

 as Laburnum, occurs in Europe. A hard, 

 close-grained, easily polished, non-durable 

 wood. Heartwood brownish green, sapwood 

 yellow. 



Elm, English (Carriage building). 



Elm, Spreading, Ulmus effusa, occurs in 

 Europe. A close-grained wood with a pale 

 brown heart and yellowish sapwood. 



Haldu (Fig. 33) (Masts). 



Ironwood, Australian, Notelaea ligustrina 

 (Fig. 63), also known as Heartwood, Native 

 Olive, White Plum, Spurious Olive, occurs in 

 Australia and Tasmania. A very close-grained, 

 hard, easily polished wood. 



Ivory Wood (Engraving). 



Jack (Musical Instruments) . 



Juniper, Juniperios communis, occurs in 

 Europe. A fine, smooth, close-grained, bright- 

 surfaced wood. Very durable, easily worked. 

 Reddish brown heartwood, yellowish white sap- 

 wood. 



Lignum Vitae (Fig. 62) (Cogs). 



Lime (Fig. 15) (Charcoal). 



