174 TIMBERS AND THEIR USES 



after block, until the whole forest is cut over. 

 By this method a close approach to the tree- 

 growth of a natural forest is obtained, as dis- 

 tinguished from the artificial conditions arising 

 from the grouping of age-classes -together. 



In an average year, the total yield of material 

 from the reserves under forest administration 

 was, timber and wood, 5,311,516 tons; cork, 

 415 tons ; tar bark, 3,673 tons ; and resin, 

 2,668 tons, valued at £2,285,070. Of this amount 

 £1,009,529 represents the yield from State 

 forests and £1,275,540 that from communal and 

 other pubUc reserves. 



Of the forest trees, Oak covers about 29 per 

 cent of the total area. Beech 19, Hornbeam 12, 

 and Silver Fir 7 per cent ; then Northern Pine, 

 Evergreen Oak, Maritime Pine, Spruce and 

 Larch, with other conifers, range from 4 per cent 

 downwards. 



Forest produce is disposed of either by the 

 sale of standing trees, by the sale of converted 

 material, by measured and computed quantity or 

 by the sale of material cut and converted by 

 forest employes. In every case, except produce 

 sold to the War Department, the Admiralty, to 

 right holders, or from communal reserves to the 

 inhabitants of communes, sale must take place 

 by public auction. When standing trees are 

 sold to bidders, the trees for sale are marked 



