200 TIMBERS AND THEIE USES 



The Red or Norway Pine is still found associated 

 with, the White Pine in considerable quantities. 

 Bull Pine is the principal hard Pine used in the 

 Pacific and Western States, while soft lumber 

 is obtained from the gigantic Sugar Pine. 



"From the coniferous areas of the Southern 

 States come large supplies of the Long Leaf or 

 Georgia Yellow Pine, the Cuban or Slash Pine, 

 the Short Leaf and the Loblolly or Virginia 

 Pine. Nearly all these are sold in foreign markets 

 under the name of Pitch Pine. Spruce and Fir 

 are chiefly confined to the North-western States 

 and the Rocky Mountain region. This lumber 

 has superseded Pine for joists and light construc- 

 tion, and the annual cut is very large, five-sixths 

 of the annual output in Maine being now Spruce. 

 Douglas Fir (commonly known as Oregon Pine) 

 is the dominant tree in the North-western States 

 of Washington and Oregon, forming about seven- 

 eights of the forest growth. It is also found 

 further eastward in Idaho. The standing timber 

 in Washington was, in 1896, estimated to cover 

 over 23,000,000 acres. The principal markets 

 for the timber of this region are San Francisca, 

 South America and Australia. Hemlock is 

 obtained chiefly in New York and in Pennsyl- 

 vania, the bark being used for tanning and the 

 timber as a substitute for White Pine in rough 

 construction. Red Cedar has a wide range, but 



