208 TIMBERS AND THEIE USES 



and its tributaries, and along th.e streams flow- 

 ing into tlie great lakes. The height of land 

 in the northern part of the province, which forms 

 the Watershed between the rivers flowing into 

 Hudson's Bay and those flowing southward into 

 the lakes, marks the southern limit of the White 

 Pine, beyond which its place is taken by Spruce. 

 The Red or Norway Pine, a less valuable tree 

 for lumber, but largely used for building, and 

 for masts and spars, is found in the same regions 

 as White Pine, but the quantity available is 

 smaller. Spruce is abundant, its habitat being 

 chiefly to the north of the White Pine region 

 in Ontario, while it extends from the eastern 

 provinces to the Paciflc. The demand for Pine 

 being so great, this tree is at present somewhat 

 neglected by lumbermen. The white variety 

 of Spruce is used largely for floors and joists, 

 doors, sashes, mouldings and panel work wherever 

 Pine is scarce. The black variety is chiefly used 

 for the manufacture of wood pulp for paper, 

 and this being an important article of export 

 great inroads are made on the Spruce forests 

 in the pursuit of the iudustry. The Hemlock 

 Spruce is also cut in immense quantities. It is 

 largely used for railway sleepers, and provides 

 cheap lumber for the interior of buildings, as 

 well as cordwood for fuel. Its main use, how- 

 ever, is for its bark, which is the principal tannage 



