ioi8 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



Cones larger, as a rule, than in the type. Seed larger, ^ in, long, ovoid, com- 

 pressed, dark brown or blackish ; wing short and broad, about ^ in. long and wide, 

 dark brown in colour. Prevalent in the central states of Mexico.' 

 3. Var. brachyptera, Shaw, Pines of Mexico, 11, t. vi. (1909)- 

 Pinus stroiiformis, Engelmann, in Wislizenus, Tour N. Mexico, 102 (1848). 

 Differs from the type, according to Shaw, in the larger seeds, with extremely short 

 wings. Occurs in the states of Durango and Chihuahua, in northern Mexico. 



Distribution 



This pine, according to Shaw, is a native of cool temperate altitudes in Central 

 America, and extends from Guatemala throughout Mexico to the borders of the 

 United States. 



The typical form of the species was discovered ^ by Ehrenberg in 1836 in Mexico, 

 who found trees 100 feet high at Omitlan, near Hacienda de Guerrero, and appears 

 to be common in Oaxaca, particularly on the higher points of the Cumbre Mountains 

 and on Mount Pelado. Hartweg found it in Guatemala, where he observed dead 

 trees on the volcano Xetul, near Quezaltenango, at 10,000 ft. elevation. 



Var. Veitchii was discovered ^ by Roezl on the Sierra Madre range at 8600 ft. and 

 at Tenango, and also on the eastern side of Mt. Popocatepetl at 11,000 to 12,000 ft., 

 where it grows abundantly on the borders of deep ravines, never descending into the 

 depths of the gorges, or ascending much above them. Here the winters are dry, the 

 temperature descending to 10° to 14° Fahr., but the summers are long and warm. It 

 is known to the Mexicans as Ayacahuite Colorado, or red pine, on account of the 

 excellence of its timber. 



Var. brachyptera was discovered on the mountains of Cosihuiriachic in the 

 province of Chihuahua, at about 8000 ft. elevation, where, according to Engelmann, 

 it is a large tree, 100 to 130 ft. in height, with short leaves 2\ to 3 inches long, and 

 very resinous cones about 10 in. in length. This northern form does not appear to 

 have been introduced into cultivation. (A. H.) 



Cultivation 



The typical form of the species was introduced into the Chiswick garden of the 

 Horticultural Society by Hartweg in 1840, and seeds were again sent to this country 

 by Roezl in 1857. It is comparatively rare in cultivation, and appears to succeed 

 best in the south-west and west of England, Palmer's frost tables * showing that it 

 was killed in i860 at Thorpe Perrow in Yorkshire, and at Highnam Court in 

 Gloucestershire. 



At Westonbirt a tree, which produces cones freely, from the seed of which 

 numerous seedlings have been raised at Kew and Glasnevin, measured in 1909, 62 ft. 



1 Engelmann, in Trans. St. Lmis Acad. Set. iv. 178 (1886), considered this variety to be a distinct species (/>. Bona- 

 partea), with stout leaves, showing on section seven resin-canals ; while P. Ayacahuite has more slender leaves with only two 

 resin-canals. The number of resin-canals, however, is variable, two to eight being found by Shaw in wild specimens ; and this 

 character alone cannot be relied on for the discrimination of the type and var. Veitchii. 



2 Cf. Loudon, Gard. Mag. xv. 129 (1839). 3 cf. Card. Chron. xxi. 769 (1884). 

 * Masters, in Lawson, Pinetum Brit. loc. cit. 



