Pinus 1063 



similar to those of var. rudis, but very dark brown, or almost black in colour when 

 mature. 



This variety occurs in colder regions and at higher altitudes than any other 

 Mexican pine, forming the timber line and descending to some distance below it. 

 Mr. Godman wrote to Dr. Masters that this pine forms a complete belt around the 

 Volcan de Fuego, commencing at about 10,000 ft., and on the Volcan d'Agua 

 ascends to the summit. The mixed forest of Cheirostemon and other trees ceases 

 abruptly at about 10,000 ft., and one steps suddenly out of it into the more open 

 pine belt, where the only undergrowth is a coarse grass. 



Cultivation 



Both the typical form and the varieties were introduced by Hartweg in 1839, 

 when numerous plants were raised in the garden of the London Horticultural 

 Society. 



As seen in cultivation, this species is readily distinguishable into two principal 

 forms ; one, probably identical with the type, as defined by Shaw, and characterised 

 by long leaves, averaging 9 in. in length, with basal sheaths i^ to 2 in. long, and large, 

 scarcely resinous buds. In the only specimen which we have seen in fruit, a tree 

 cultivated at Bicton ^ as P. Russelliana, the cones produced are 5 in. long, and 2\ in. 

 in diameter, with large shining pale brown elevated apophyses, terminating in a dark 

 coloured projecting umbo. It was 60 ft. by 6 ft. 9 in. when measured by Elwes in 

 1906. The gardener in May 1909 reported that this tree was nearly dead, though 

 it was still bearing a few old cones. 



The typical form is well represented at Pencarrow, where two trees planted in 

 1849 measured in 1907, 50 ft. by 9 ft., and 49 ft. by 5 ft. These differ strikingly in 

 habit, but show no differences in botanical characters. Elwes saw a fine spreading 

 tree at Endsleigh in August 1906 which measured about 50 ft. by 9^ ft. in girth. 

 There are good specimens at Tregothnan, Heligan, and other places in Cornwall. 



At Eastnor Castle, a small spreading tree, 26 ft. high, seems healthy. 



At Grayswood, Haslemere, a tree planted in 1881 had attained 25 ft. by 2 ft. 

 10 in. in 1906,' and did not suffer in the winter of 1895. 



In Ireland this succeeds well, as at Woodstock, Kilkenny, where a tree was 48 

 ft. by 6 ft. in 1904; and at Old Connaught House, near Bray, where a tree planted 

 in 1869 was 34 ft. by 2 ft. 9 in. in 1904. 



The other form, which is probably var. Hartwegii, produces cones freely, which 

 are ovoid-conic and tapering to an acute apex, 3 to 3^ in. long, with numerous small 

 scales, with flat apophyses, and slightly raised dark brown umbos. The leaves, often in 

 fours as well as in fives, are 5 to 6 in. long, with basal sheaths not exceeding an inch 

 in length. The buds are slender, ^ to f in. long, with usually resinous appressed scales. 



Var. Hartwegii is much the hardiest form ; and we have found specimens, even 

 in the eastern counties, as at Pampisford, near Cambridge, where a tree in a sheltered 

 position is 28 ft. by i ft. 10 in. At Bayfordbury, Herts, a tree planted in 1845 died 



• The Hon. Mark RoUe wrote to the Director at Kew that this tree produced cones for the first time in 1899. 



