Pinus 



1091 



short-lived in our climate, where it bears shorter foliage than in America ; and the 

 only trees we have been able to identify, are one at Bicton,^ which was 53 ft. by 

 4 ft. 8 in. in 1908; and another at Bayfordbury, in an unhealthy state, measuring 

 41 ft. in height, and 5 ft. 7 in. in girth. This was planted in 1842. (A. H.) 



PINUS PALUSTRIS, Long-Leaf Pine, Pitch Pine 



Pinus palustris. Miller, Diet. ed. viii. No. 14 (1768)5 Sargent, Silva N. Amer. xi. 151, tt. 589, 590, 

 (1897), and Trees N. Amer. 17 (1905)5 Kent, Veitch's Man. Coniferce, 352 (1900); Masters 

 mjourn. Linn. Soc. {Bot.) xxxv. 604 (1904); Clinton-Baker, Illust. Conif. i. 38 (1909). 



Pinus lutea, Walter, Ft. Carol. 237 (1788). 



Pinus longifolia, Salisbury, Prod.. 398 (1796). 



Pinus australis, Michaux, Hist. Arb. Amer. i. 64, t. 6 (1810); Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit. iv. 

 2255 (1838) 



A tree, attaining in America 120 ft. in height and 9 ft. in girth. Bark thin, 

 dark, scaly. Young branchlets thick, orange-brown, much roughened by the numerous 

 prominent pulvini. Buds non-resinous, cylindrical, pointed, i^ in. to 2 in. long; 

 scales lanceolate-acuminate, silvery white, interlaced by their white marginal fimbriae 

 and with their apices free and reflexed. These persist as a dense sheath of reflexed 

 bud-scales at the apex of the branchlet of the second year. 



Leaves in threes, deciduous at the end of the second year, about 8 in. long on old 

 trees, 9 to 1 8 in. long on young vigorous trees, densely crowded on the branchlets, 

 slender, flexible, serrulate, ending in a cartilaginous point, with stomatic lines on all 

 three sides ; resin-canals median ; basal sheath \ in. to i in. long. 



Cones sub-terminal, spreading or pendulous, on short stout scaly stalks, cylindric- 

 conic, slightly curved, 5 to 8 in. long ; scales thin, flat, 2 in. long, \ in. wide ; apophysis 

 rhomboidal, slightly elevated, crenate in upper margin, with a transverse sharp ridge, 

 and projecting umbo, armed with a small reflexed prickle. Seed triangular-oval, rather 

 less than \ in. long, inner surface whitish and three-ridged, outer surface dark-spotted ; 

 wing narrow, i^ in. long. The seeds are shed during dry weather in autumn ; and 

 occasionally, when wet sultry weather sets in late, begin to sprout in the cones. The 

 cones usually fall, after dehiscence of the seeds, in the latter part of the winter of the 

 second year, leaving as a rule the lowest rows of scales attached to the branch. 



(A. H.) 



This^ is perhaps of all the pines of North America the one which formerly 

 existed in greatest abundance, throughout a wide belt of country from Virginia 

 through the Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama and Florida, where it extends south to 

 Tampa bay, west to the valley of the Trinity river in Texas, and up the Mississippi 

 valley to the northern borders of Louisiana. It is mainly confined to low-lying 

 tertiary sands and gravels ; but Mohr * found it in Talladega county, Alabama, up to 



' This tree has long been labelled erroneously "P. resinosa." 



2 A complete account of this pine is given by Mohr in U.S. Forestry Bulletin, No. 13, pp. 29-75 (1897). Cf. also G. F. 

 Schwarz, The LongUaf Pine in Virgin Forest, pp. 135, 23 illustrations (1907). 

 S Mohr, op. cit. p. 73- 



