I094 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



gallons, valued at $10,000,000. Judging from the statistics,^ the annual production 

 is stationary, but the price has increased enormously since 1903. P. rigida was 

 tapped for resin in the colonial days in the northern States. 



Pine-wool,' used in the manufacture of carpets and mats, is prepared from the 

 leaves of this species. ("• J- ^v 



PIN US T^DA, Loblolly Pine 



Pinus Tada, Linnseus, Sp. PL 1000(1753); Lambert, Genus Pinus, i. 14, t. 15 (1832); Loudon, 

 Arb. et Frut. Brit. iv. 2237 (1838); Forbes, Pin. Woburnense, 43, t. 14 (1839); Sargent, ^'fe 

 N. Amer. xi. iii, tt. 577, 578 (1897), and Trees N. Amer. 19 (190S); Mohr and Roth, U.S. 

 Forestry Bulletin No. 13, p. 113, tt. 17-20 (1897); Kent, Veitch's Man. Conif. 382 (1900); 

 Masters, va. Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) xxxv. 598 (1904); Clinton-Baker, Illust. Conif. I 54 

 (1909). 



A tree, 80 to 100 ft. high, with a straight trunk, usually 6 ft., occasionally 15 ft. 

 in girth. Bark about an inch thick, reddish brown, divided by shallow fissures into 

 broad flat scaly ridges. Young branches glabrous, glaucous, becoming yellowish 

 brown, roughened by the raised and imbricated pulvini. Buds conic, about \ in. 

 long ; scales brown, matted together by their white marginal fimbriae, and with their 

 apices free and reflexed. 



Leaves in threes, persistent for three years, densely crowded, spreading, 6 to 9 in. 

 long, -^ in. wide, rigid, slightly twisted, serrulate, ending in a sharp cartilaginous 

 point, pale green, with numerous stomatic lines on the three sides; resin-canals 

 median ; basal sheath nearly an inch in length. The reflexed bud-scales remain as a 

 persistent sheath at the apex of the shoots of the second and third years. 



Cones lateral,^ solitary or clustered, sub-sessile, spreading, cylindric-conic, usually 

 3 in. long, occasionally 4 or 5 in., light brown ; scales thin, about an inch long 

 and \ in. wide ; apophysis rhomboidal, raised, with a transverse elevated ridge, and 

 a triangular umbo, ending in a short, usually reflexed prickle. Seed rhomboid, \ in, 

 long, with two or three distinct ridges, dark brown mottled with black, surrounded 

 to the base by the narrow border of the delicate wing, which is pale brown, 

 shining, and about an inch long. Cones are produced abundantly every year, 

 opening in autumn and winter of the second year, and falling off in the succeeding 

 season through the decay of their short stalks. The seedlings have usually six 

 cotyledons, and grow fast, producing adult ternate leaves in their first season, when 

 they attain 6 to 8 in. in height. They average in the forest at the end of the fourth 

 year 3 ft. in height. 



The Loblolly pine extends along the coast from Cape May in New Jersey, and 

 the Delaware and Maryland peninsula, southwards to Cape Malabar and Tampa Bay 

 in Florida, and westward to near New Orleans, extending inland as far northward as 



1 Pinchot, U.S. Forest Circular 'i^o. 153 (1908). 



2 Cf. J. R. Jackson, in Card. Chron. xliv. 366 (1908), who states that pine-wool is also prepared in Breslau, Silesia, 

 from the leaves of the Austrian pine (P. Laricio, var. austriaca). The latter is used for stuffing cushions, and is made, mixed 

 with ordinary wool, into a kind of flannel. Specimens of both kinds may be seen in the Kew museum. 



2 They are subterminal in badly-developed trees. 



