Pinus 1 12.5 



A remarkable instance of the hardiness of this tree in Scotland was given by 

 Captain Norman, R.N., at a meeting of the Berwickshire Naturalists' Club, in 

 September 1905. He states that a group of six trees of this species are growing at 

 the foot of a railway embankment close to the post road at Dunglass, East Lothian. 

 They were identified at Kew, and bear cones annually, the largest being about 

 30 ft. high. These trees are said to have been planted by an Edinburgh firm soon 

 after the railway was made in 1846. But though there are many parts of Scotland 

 where the climate would seem to be much more suitable for this pine, we have seen 

 none worth mentioning. 



In Ireland, there is a fair-sized tree in the Trinity College Botanic Garden, 

 Dublin ; and at Hamwood, Co. Meath, a tree, planted in 1844, had attained, in 

 1904, 50 ft. in height and 6^ ft. in girth. 



Mouillefert ^ says that the wood of P. Pinea is like that of P. Pinaster, but is 

 less resinous, and the sapwood is abundant at a considerable age. At the Cape of 

 Good Hope he thought that the lignification was quicker and more complete than 

 in Europe. As to the comparative value of the wood of this pine and P. Pinaster, 

 opinions differ in Portugal, but most people consider the stone pine the best. 



(H. J. E.) 



PINUS DENSIFLORA, Japanese Red Pine 



Pinus densiflora, Siebold et Zuccarini, Fl. Jap. ii. 22, t. 112 (1844); Masters, mjourn. Linn. Soc. 

 {Bot.) xviii. 503 (1881), and xxxv. 619 (1904); Mayr, Abiet. jap. Reiches, 72 (1890), and 

 Fremdldnd. Wald- u. Parkbdume, 343 (1906); Shirasawa, Icon. For. Japan, text 10, t. i, ff. 

 1-14 (1899); Kent, Veitch's Man, Coniferce, 326 (1900); Clinton-Baker, Illust. Conif. i. 18 

 (1909). 



A tree attaining in Japan 120 ft. in height and 12 ft. in girth. Bark of branches 

 and young trees, and of the upper half of the stem of old trees, reddish, and peeling 

 off in thin scales, resembling that of P. sylvestris ; towards the base of old trees 

 rugged and dividing into small plates. Young branchlets glabrous, glaucous, with 

 raised pulvini, separated by linear grooves. Buds cylindrical, sharp-pointed, dark- 

 brown, 5- in. long, slightly resinous ; scales free at their apices, but not reflexed. 



Leaves in pairs, persistent about three years, spreading, 3 to 4 in. long, soft in 

 texture, twisted, dull green, with eight to ten stomatic lines on each surface, ending 

 in a short callous tip, serrulate ; resin-canals marginal ; basal sheath f in. long, often 

 ending above in two long narrow filaments. 



Cones subterminal, spreading, two or three together, sub-sessile, ovoid -conic, 

 2 to 2\ in. long, dull grey in colour ; scales about i in. long and f in. wide, oblong, 

 thin, with the concealed part pale brown above and reddish below, flat or slightly 

 convex from side to side ; apophysis rhomboidal, slightly raised, transversely ridged, 

 upper margin irregularly sinuate, dull grey, with an elliptical dark brown umbo tipped 

 with a minute mucro. Seed \ in. long, bright brown ; wing narrow, pale brown, 

 ^ to f in. long. 



* Essences Forestiires, 395 (1903). 



