Cupressus upS 



developing about eight whorls of leaves and a tiny lateral branchlet, and ending in 

 a tuft of smaller leaves. The tap-root is slender, flexuose, about i^ in. long. 



Varieties 



Scarcely any varieties have been noticed in the wild state. Under cultivation 

 it has shown much less tendency to variation than C. Lawsoniana. The most 

 notable varieties are : — 



1. Var. pendula. Branches and branchlets very pendulous. Fine examples 

 occur at Bayfordbury. Dr. Masters ^ figures a pendulous variety in a forest clearing 

 in British Columbia. 



2. Var. lutea. Young branchlets yellow, changing to a yellowish green when 

 older. It is fast in growth and is similar in habit to the type.^ At Powerscourt this 

 variety is pendulpus and remarkably beautiful. 



3. Var. glauca. Leaves glaucous. 



4. In var. argenteo-variegata some of the young branchlets are creamy white, 

 while in var. aureo-variegata some are yellowish. There are good specimens of 

 these at Highnam. 



5. Dwarf forms are also known, as var. compacta, a shrubby form with crowded 

 branchlets ; and var. gracilis, with very slender branches. 



6. Var. nidi/era,^ Rovelli, which originated at Pallanza, is said to be feathery- 

 looking, owing to the slender shoots, densely covered with appressed deep green 

 subulate leaves, each with a central gland on the back. (A. H.) 



Distribution 



According to Pinchot,* this species, which is universally known in its native 

 habitat as yellow cedar, grows in the Pacific Coast region from the head of the 

 Santiam river in the Cascade mountains of northern Oregon, northward through 

 Washington, British Columbia, and Alaska to Prince William Sound. 



It is most abundant, and reaches its best development, on the coast and 

 adjacent islands of British Columbia and southern Alaska, where it often pre- 

 dominates in the forest. In Washington small stands, covering thirty or forty acres, 

 sometimes yield as high as 150,000 board feet per acre.* 



It occurs occasionally pure ; but is usually scattered through the forests in 

 British Columbia and Alaska, with Sitka spruce, giant Thuya, western hemlock, 

 and swamp hardwoods ; and at timber line occurs in a stunted form with Sitka 

 spruce, black hemlock, and lodge-pole pine. Farther south on the coast it is 

 associated with lowland fir and yew ; while at higher elevations, in the Cascades, 

 it is mixed with black hemlock, lodge-pole pine, Abies amabilis and A. nobilis, 

 Douglas fir, western larch, white pine, alpine fir, and Engelmann's spruce. On the 

 coast of Puget Sound this tree is not seen, as in this latitude it hardly extends 



' Card. Chron. xl. l66, fig. 68 (1906). ^ Figured by Earl Annesley, Beautiful Trees, 55 (1903). 



5 Cf. Gard. Chron. vii. 108 (1890). * U.S. Forest Service, Sylvical Leaflet, No. 12 (1908). 



