Quercus 1 23 1 



tomentose leaves and branchlets to drier ground than that species, grows on sandy 

 barren soil and on upland ridges, from North Carolina southward to Cape Malabar 

 and Peace Creek, Florida, and westward to the Brazos river, Texas, usually not 

 penetrating inland more than forty or fifty miles from the coast, though in Texas it 

 has been found as far as Dallas, about lat. 33°. 



Q. cinerea is extremely rare in cultivation, the only specimen which we have 

 seen being a healthy tree, about 30 ft. high, growing on the mound in the; oak 

 collection in Kew Gardens. (A. H.) 



QUERCUS IMBRICARIA, Shingle Oak 



Quercus imbricaria, Michaux, Hist. CMnes Am. No. 9, tt. 15, 16 (1801); Loudon, Arb. et Frut. 



Brit. iii. 1898 (1838); Sargent, Silva N. Amer. viii. 175, t. 432 (1895), and Trees N. Amer. 



251 (1905). 

 Quercus Fhellos, Linnaeus, var. imbricaria, Spach, Hist. Veg. xi. 160 (1842). 



A tree, attaining in favourable localities in America 100 ft. in height and 12 ft. 

 in girth, but usually considerably smaller. Bark on young trees thin, smooth, and 

 shining ; on old trunks Assuring into broad, flat, scaly ridges. Young branchlets 

 slender, quickly becoming glabrous. Leaves (Plate 339, Fig. 'J2>) deciduous, oblong- 

 lanceolate, 4 to 6 in. long, i to 2 in. broad, entire,^ with slightly undulate margin, 

 rounded or acute at the bristle-pointed apex, cuneate at the base ; upper surface 

 dark green, shining ; lower surface greyish green, covered with a stellate tomentum ; 

 nerves pinnate, dividing and looping before reaching the margin ; petiole pubescent, 

 about J in. long. 



Fruit usually solitary, on stout short stalks, ripening in the second year ; acorn 

 nearly globose, obscurely striate, enclosed for one-third its length in a thin shallow 

 turbinate cupule, brown and shining internally, and covered with thin ovate 

 pubescent reddish brown, closely imbricated scales. 



This oak is supposed to form hybrids with Q. marylandica^ Q. rubral Q. 

 palustris,^ and Q. velutina. The hybrid with the last species, the only one known 

 in cultivation in this country, is dealt with under the name Q. Leana (see p. 1232). 



(A. H.) 



This species is a native of fertile soil, growing both on high land and in alluvial 

 flats, and ranges from Pennsylvania westwards through southern Michigan and 

 Wisconsin to northern Missouri and north-eastern Kansas, extending southwards 

 along the Alleghany mountains to northern Georgia, Alabama, middle Tennessee, 



' The leaves on very vigorous branchlets are sometimes three-lobed at the apex. 



2 Q. imbricariay.marylandica, Sargent, Silva N. Amer. viii. 176, t. 433 (189S) 5 Q- «'^«. ™r- tndentaia, De Candolle, 

 Prod. xvi. 2, p. 64 (1864) ; Q. tridentata, Engelmann, in Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii. 539 (i877)- A single tree, now dead, 

 found by Engelmann, near St. Louis. 



' Q. imbricaria V. rubra. Cf. Bush, in Garden and Forest, viii. 33 (189S). 



< Q. imbruaria-Apalustns, Engelmann, in Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii. S39 (1877). A single tree found near St. Louis. 

 Meehan raised five seedlings from its acorns, which agreed in every respect with the parent tree. 



