202, .' ?|||/ BALKING. 



getting in, when by stepping out of his way he will move off quietly. 



If the Breaking Bit is not available, the following course of 

 treatment, though requiring more time and care, will be found to 

 work very well : Put on the foot-strap, call " Whoa ! " at the same 

 time pull upon the foot-strap, which will pull the foot up and throw 

 the horse upon three legs. After a few repetitions, he will stop 

 rather than be pulled upon and tripped. Now put him before a 

 wagon, carrying the foot-strap back as a third rein. If he starts, 

 simply pull the foot from under a few times, or until he will stand as 

 i desired. In some cases, the foot-strap may be put on both fore feet, 

 as a very determined horse may lunge forward upon three feet. If 

 when one foot is taken up there is inclination to lunge forward, 

 simply pull the other foot from under, which Tarings him forward 

 upon his knees. This treatment should be given on soft, sodded 

 ground, or sandy road free from stones, to avoid bruising the knees. 



Put the Breaking Bit into the bridle and commence cracking a 

 whip, yelling, or anything else to attract his attention. If he moves, 

 punish by jerking him back sharply, and say, " Whoa ! " Then re- 

 peat* cracking the whip, etc., until he will stand quietly under the 

 excitement. When he will stand while in wagon, get out and caress 

 him, walk around carelessly, crack the whip, etc. The instant he 

 starts, call " Whoa ! " and jerk him back again. When he will stand, 

 go to his head, caress, give an apple, etc. ; so repeat the lesson until 

 he will stand quietly. At first, the cause of excitement should be 

 moderate, gradually increasing each time. The reins should extend , 

 back into the wagon over the seat, so they can be caught quickly 

 when necessary. In this way the horse is made afraid to start for 

 fear of being punished. If it is desired to make the effect still more 

 thorough, boys can be made to run around, make a noise, etc. 



A simple way to make a horse stand without being hitched, is 

 to buckle or tie a strap or cord around the near fore foot below the 

 fetlock, and tie the other end around the shaft back of the cross- 

 piece, bringing it short enough so that, while not interfering with 

 the limb while standing, it prevents its being brought forward in the 

 effort to stop or go ahead. A horse will stand quietly by spancel*. 

 ing the fore legs together ; that is, tying two small cords around the 

 fore legs about six or seven inches apart. As soon as the horse 

 finds he cannot step, he will stand quietly. 



Double Balking. 



When a horse throws himself back in the breeching sullenly, 

 with his head over the other horse's neck, as if to say, "Make me go 



