794 



DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



Fig. 1045.— Catheter. 



bladder, as well as endangering the life of the animal from uraemia, 

 and sometimes resulting in saturating the system with materials 

 which should be thrown off in the urine. 



Symptoms. — Frequent but abortive attempts to urinate, great 

 uneasiness, shown by constant shifting of position, an anxious ex- 

 pression of countenance, and frequent turning of the nose to the 

 flank. 



Treatment. — Explora- 

 tion of the rectum or va- 

 gina will ,show whether 

 any cause exists in either 

 of these parts to account 

 for obstruction. Sometimes simple pressure on the bladder will cause 

 it to discharge its contents. Copious injections of warm water 

 may be made by the rectum and vagina. If these measures do not 

 succeed, the catheter (Fig. 1045) must be used. 



The sameform of catheter is used for both male and female. It 

 is a metal tube about 24 inches long, with a caliber of five sixteenths 

 of an inch, somewhat curved, blind at one rounded extremity, but 

 perforated at the sides near this end. The left hand, with the index 

 finger over the rounded end of the catheter, is passed into the vulva, 

 and the end of the tube introduced into the urethral opening, on the 

 floor of the canal. When the instrument enters the bladder, a rush 

 of urine takes place. Whenever a cow remains lying down for an 



Fig. 1046.— Operation for Removing Urine from the Ox. 



unusual length of time, the bladder should be emptied in this way, 

 as the pressure of the internal organs may prevent the discharge of 

 urine. 



In the ox, the sigmoid flexure of the penis complicates the 

 passing of the catheter. The course of the urethra must be traced to 



