806 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



In extreme cases, amputation becomes necessary in order to 

 save the animal. It is not a difficult or dangerous operation, but it 

 requires'a surgeon. If this is resorted to, the animal should be fat- 

 tened for the butcher as soon as possible. 



FOREIGN SUBSTANCES IS THE EYE. 

 It not unfrequently happens that some foreign substance — a 

 hay seed or a husk of grain — obtains lodgment in the eye, and per- 

 haps becomes attached to the cornea by effusion from the surface of 

 the latter. The offending substance must be promptly and carefully 

 removed. A silk handkerchief wrapped over 

 the point of a lead pencilmay be used. In 

 case the substance is imbedded in the mu- 

 cous membrane, the forceps (Fig. 1062) must 

 Fig. 1062. -Forceps (or be used The wimal 'g head must be sec „ re( i 

 the Eve ' 



by an assistant, and for this purpose the bull- 

 dogs (Fig. 1025, page 134) may be needed. 



OPHTHALMIA. 



By the term ophthalmia, inflammation of the eye is understood. 

 The cornea, the iris, or the retina may be affected. 



For the structure of the eye, see "Diseases of the Eye," Part I. 

 Symptoms. — More or less constitutional disturbance always ac- 

 companies inflammation of the eye. The pulse is accelerated, full, and 



hard, the mouth is hot, and appetite and ru- 

 mination are affected, and sometimes entirely 

 IjSffjS^^ disappear. The eyelids are nearly closed, 



''/ ^Ukuta** anc * *^ e amma * resists every attempt to ex- 



'll^NiWZ amine the eve. (See Ficr. 1 0fi3 ^ Tf the in. 



3SV 



%\ Mi amine the eye. (See Fig. 1063.) If the in- 



flammatory action is not check'ed at this 

 stage, the structure of the eye becomes in- 

 volved, and the sight dangerously impaired. 

 Fig. 1063. -Ophthalmia. Treatment.— The first thing to do is to. 



make a careful examination of the eye. 

 Separate the lids gently with the thumb and forefinger. If any 

 foreign substance is seen, it must be removed at oriee. When 

 this has been done, the inflammation will often subside,; but if it 

 continues, warm fomentations must be used, and exposure to light 

 and drafts avoided for Several days. 



Some such laxative as the following will assist in abating the 

 constitutional disturbance and allaying the inflammation : — 



Epsom salts 12 oz. 



Calomel } dr. 



Gentian '. * .\1 oz. 



, Ginger 1 oz. 



