854 



DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



simpler and more effective device is the common one of a bar of 

 wood, in each end of which a hole is bored to pass over the horns. 

 It is fastened by nails or screws. A still simpler method is 

 to saw off the ends of the horns. . Dehorning, or cutting off 

 the horns, is so painful that it would be hardly advisable. To 

 prevent cattle from running in the pasture, jumping, or tearing 

 down fences, a strip of leather two to four inches wider than 

 the head at the eyes, and long enough to pass well down 

 over the nose, may be used. The upper corners are tied to the 

 horns. The lower part is split a short distance in the center, and a 

 string attached to each corner, and tied around th£ jaws loosely, 

 then extended round the neck, and tied in position to keep in place. 

 The ox can now see only sidewise or back, and this entirely prevents 

 him from meddling with the fence or running around. The same 

 thing works splendidly upon a horse, but it must be more carefully 

 adjusted, which can be easily done by attaching it to a well-fitting 

 halter. , ." 



As a matter of curiosity, we add a form of yoke and harness for 

 one ox, used in France. Fig, 1135 explains itself. 



