DISLOCATIONS AND WOUNDS. 



857 



should be kept forward for a time. This may be done by means 

 of a rope attached as shown in Fig. 1138. A blister may be applied 

 over the stifle to promote effusion. 



WOUNDS. 



The wounds commonly met with in cattle are of 

 four kinds :— » 



Incised wounds, which are clean cut, as if pro- 

 duced by a knife or some sharp-edged substance ; 



Lacerated wounds, in which the tissues are torn 

 asunder ; 



Punctured wounds', those produced by stabs or 

 pricks ; „, 



Contused wounds, where the flesh has been bruised or crushed. 



Wounds may heal in either of the following ways : — 



First intention, or the immediate reunion of the parts ; 



.Adhesive inflammation, where lymph exudes on both surfaces ; 



Fio. 1139. 

 Twisted Suture. 



Pig. 1141. 

 Fio. 1140. — Interrupted Suture. Uninterrupted Suture. 



a, Thread or silk; b, Wire. 



Granulation, -where new flesh is formed, over which pus is con- 

 tinually poured ; 



Scabbing, or crusting, in which nature covers the raw surface 

 with pus, blood, or lymph, which dries down and forms a scab. 



INCISED Wounds. — These are most amenable to treatment. 

 They unite generally by first intention or adhesion. If not free 

 from dirt, the wound should be thoroughly cleansed, and the edges 



Fie. 1142. — Large Suture Needles (tor wire). 



brought .cafefully together, in which position they must be held by 

 plaster or sutures. Before a plaster can be used, the hair must be 

 shaved off. The sutures used are' wire, pins, twine, silk, and catgut, 

 the latter sometimes carbolized. Several varieties are employed as 

 follows : In the twisted suture (Fig. 1139), a pin is passed through 



